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Traditional normalization techniques (e.g., Batch Normalization and Instance Normalization) generally and simplistically assume that training and test data follow the same distribution. As distribution shifts are inevitable in real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Zhiqiang Tang , Yunhe Gao , Yi Zhu , Zhi Zhang , Mu Li , Dimitris Metaxas

Conjugate pairs of distributions over infinite dimensional spaces are prominent in statistical learning theory, particularly due to the widespread adoption of Bayesian nonparametric methodologies for a host of models and applications. Much…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-01-12 Robert Finn , Brian Kulis

In order to better fit real-world datasets, studying asymmetric distribution is of great interest. In this work, we derive several mathematical properties of a general class of asymmetric distributions with positive support which shows up…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-11 Felipe S. Quintino , Pushpa N. Rathie , Luan C. S. M. Ozelim , Tiago A. da Fonseca , Roberto Vila

The assumption of normality in data has been considered in the field of statistical analysis for a long time. However, in many practical situations, this assumption is clearly unrealistic. It has recently been suggested that the use of…

Computation · Statistics 2016-11-25 Reinaldo B. Arellano-Valle , Javier E. Contreras-Reyes

A core problem in statistics and probabilistic machine learning is to compute probability distributions and expectations. This is the fundamental problem of Bayesian statistics and machine learning, which frames all inference as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-06 Christian A. Naesseth , Fredrik Lindsten , Thomas B. Schön

We study the problem of quantization of discrete probability distributions, arising in universal coding, as well as other applications. We show, that in many situations this problem can be reduced to the covering problem for the unit…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-08-24 Yuriy A. Reznik

In the context of adaptive Monte Carlo algorithms, we cannot directly generate independent samples from the distribution of interest but use a proxy which we need to be close to the target. Generally, such a proxy distribution is a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-11-15 Christian Schäfer

This paper is devoted to a fractional generalization of the Dirichlet distribution. The form of the multivariate distribution is derived assuming that the $n$ partitions of the interval $[0,W_n]$ are independent and identically distributed…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-02-17 Elvira Di Nardo , Federico Polito , Enrico Scalas

We consider distributions on $\mathbb{R}$ that can be written as the sum of a non-zero discrete distribution and an absolutely continuous distribution. We show that such a distribution is quasi-infinitely divisible if and only if its…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-04-21 David Berger , Merve Kutlu

One of the major problems for maximum likelihood estimation in the well-established directional models is that the normalising constants can be difficult to evaluate. A new general method of "score matching estimation" is presented here on…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-29 Kanti V Mardia , John T Kent , Arnab K Laha

A series of detailed quantitative results is established for the family of demi-distributions which is a large extension of the family of usual distributions.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-07-11 Ronglu Li , Shuhui Zhong , Dohan Kim , Junde Wu

Continuous normalizing flows (CNFs) are a generative method for learning probability distributions, which is based on ordinary differential equations. This method has shown remarkable empirical success across various applications, including…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-02 Yuan Gao , Jian Huang , Yuling Jiao , Shurong Zheng

Testing for normality is a widely used procedure in statistics and data analysis, often applied prior to employing methods that rely on the assumption of normally distributed data. While several existing tests target distributional…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-07 Akin Anarat , Holger Schwender

Discrete state spaces represent a major computational challenge to statistical inference, since the computation of normalisation constants requires summation over large or possibly infinite sets, which can be impractical. This paper…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-04 Takuo Matsubara , Jeremias Knoblauch , François-Xavier Briol , Chris. J. Oates

Several formulations have long existed in the literature in the form of continuous mixtures of normal variables where a mixing variable operates on the mean or on the variance or on both the mean and the variance of a multivariate normal…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-03-31 Reinaldo B. Arellano-Valle , Adelchi Azzalini

Parametric distributions are an important part of statistics. There is now a voluminous literature on different fascinating formulations of flexible distributions. We present a selective and brief overview of a small subset of these…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-05-15 Sharon X. Lee , Geoffrey J. McLachlan

Univariate and multivariate normal probability distributions are widely used when modeling decisions under uncertainty. Computing the performance of such models requires integrating these distributions over specific domains, which can vary…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-31 Abhranil Das , Wilson S Geisler

Normalizing constant (also called partition function, Bayesian evidence, or marginal likelihood) is one of the central goals of Bayesian inference, yet most of the existing methods are both expensive and inaccurate. Here we develop a new…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-09 He Jia , Uroš Seljak

The family of multivariate skew-normal distributions has many interesting properties. It is shown here that these hold for a general class of skew-elliptical distributions. For this class, several stochastic representations are established…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-09-18 Chuancun Yin , Narayanaswamy Balakrishnan

A common challenge in estimating parameters of probability density functions is the intractability of the normalizing constant. While in such cases maximum likelihood estimation may be implemented using numerical integration, the approach…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-20 Shiqing Yu , Mathias Drton , Ali Shojaie