English
Related papers

Related papers: A Thorough Examination on Zero-shot Dense Retrieva…

200 papers

The goal of object-centric representation learning is to decompose visual scenes into a structured representation that isolates the entities. Recent successes have shown that object-centric representation learning can be scaled to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Aniket Didolkar , Andrii Zadaianchuk , Anirudh Goyal , Mike Mozer , Yoshua Bengio , Georg Martius , Maximilian Seitzer

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) approaches employing monolingual data are showing steady improvements in resource rich conditions. However, evaluations using real-world low-resource languages still result in unsatisfactory performance.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Surafel M. Lakew , Matteo Negri , Marco Turchi

Zero-shot reinforcement learning (RL) methods aim at instantly producing a behavior for an RL task in a given environment, from a description of the reward function. These methods are usually tested by evaluating their average performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yann Ollivier

Stance detection is an important component of understanding hidden influences in everyday life. Since there are thousands of potential topics to take a stance on, most with little to no training data, we focus on zero-shot stance detection:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Emily Allaway , Kathleen McKeown

Accurate video moment retrieval (VMR) requires universal visual-textual correlations that can handle unknown vocabulary and unseen scenes. However, the learned correlations are likely either biased when derived from a limited amount of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Dezhao Luo , Jiabo Huang , Shaogang Gong , Hailin Jin , Yang Liu

We study the application of large language models to zero-shot and few-shot classification of tabular data. We prompt the large language model with a serialization of the tabular data to a natural-language string, together with a short…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Stefan Hegselmann , Alejandro Buendia , Hunter Lang , Monica Agrawal , Xiaoyi Jiang , David Sontag

This study aims to guide language model selection by investigating: 1) the necessity of finetuning versus zero-shot usage, 2) the benefits of domain-adjacent versus generic pretrained models, 3) the value of further domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Lovedeep Gondara , Jonathan Simkin , Graham Sayle , Shebnum Devji , Gregory Arbour , Raymond Ng

While dense retrieval models, which embed queries and documents into a shared low-dimensional space, have gained widespread popularity, they were shown to exhibit important theoretical limitations and considerably lag behind traditional…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Adrian Bracher , Svitlana Vakulenko

Dense retrieval models are commonly used in Information Retrieval (IR) applications, such as Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). Since they often serve as the first step in these systems, their robustness is critical to avoid downstream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Mohsen Fayyaz , Ali Modarressi , Hinrich Schuetze , Nanyun Peng

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used in a zero-shot fashion to assess mental health conditions, yet we have limited knowledge on what factors affect their accuracy. In this study, we utilize a clinical dataset of natural…

Dense retrieval is a crucial task in Information Retrieval (IR), serving as the basis for downstream tasks such as re-ranking and augmenting generation. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive semantic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Hengran Zhang , Keping Bi , Jiafeng Guo , Xiaojie Sun , Shihao Liu , Daiting Shi , Dawei Yin , Xueqi Cheng

Due to the importance of zero-shot learning, the number of proposed approaches has increased steadily recently. We argue that it is time to take a step back and to analyze the status quo of the area. The purpose of this paper is three-fold.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Yongqin Xian , Bernt Schiele , Zeynep Akata

Dense passage retrieval (DPR) is the first step in the retrieval augmented generation (RAG) paradigm for improving the performance of large language models (LLM). DPR fine-tunes pre-trained networks to enhance the alignment of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Benjamin Reichman , Larry Heck

Large language models have recently reached near-parity with classical planners on well-known planning domains, yet this competence relies on world-knowledge exploitation rather than genuine symbolic reasoning. Goal recognition is a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Kin Max Piamolini Gusmão , Nathan Gavenski , Nir Oren , Felipe Meneguzzi

Traditionally, sparse retrieval systems relied on lexical representations to retrieve documents, such as BM25, dominated information retrieval tasks. With the onset of pre-trained transformer models such as BERT, neural sparse retrieval has…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Nandan Thakur , Kexin Wang , Iryna Gurevych , Jimmy Lin

There is a rising interest in further exploring the zero-shot learning potential of large pre-trained language models (PLMs). A new paradigm called data-generation-based zero-shot learning has achieved impressive success. In this paradigm,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Jiahui Gao , Renjie Pi , Yong Lin , Hang Xu , Jiacheng Ye , Zhiyong Wu , Weizhong Zhang , Xiaodan Liang , Zhenguo Li , Lingpeng Kong

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance on benchmark tasks, especially in zero or few-shot settings. However, these benchmarks often do not adequately address the challenges posed in the real-world,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Rohan Bhambhoria , Lei Chen , Xiaodan Zhu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong cross-modal reasoning capabilities, yet their potential for vision-only tasks remains underexplored. We investigate MLLMs as training-free similarity estimators for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Bahey Tharwat , Giorgos Kordopatis-Zilos , Pavel Suma , Ian Reid , Giorgos Tolias

Dense retrievers have demonstrated significant potential for neural information retrieval; however, they lack robustness to domain shifts, limiting their efficacy in zero-shot settings across diverse domains. In this paper, we set out to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Goksenin Yuksel , Jaap Kamps

Pretrained language models have improved zero-shot text classification by allowing the transfer of semantic knowledge from the training data in order to classify among specific label sets in downstream tasks. We propose a simple way to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Lingyu Gao , Debanjan Ghosh , Kevin Gimpel