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Related papers: A Comprehensive Understanding of Code-mixed Langua…

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Sentiment analysis (SA) using code-mixed data from social media has several applications in opinion mining ranging from customer satisfaction to social campaign analysis in multilingual societies. Advances in this area are impeded by the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-03 Ameya Prabhu , Aditya Joshi , Manish Shrivastava , Vasudeva Varma

Machine Translation (MT) is one of the most prominent tasks in Natural Language Processing (NLP) which involves the automatic conversion of texts from one natural language to another while preserving its meaning and fluency. Although the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Kavit Gangar , Hardik Ruparel , Shreyas Lele

The paper presents an overview of the Spoken Language Translator (SLT) system's hybrid language-processing architecture, focussing on the way in which rule-based and statistical methods are combined to achieve robust and efficient…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Manny Rayner , David Carter

Recent years have witnessed increasing interests in developing interpretable models in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Most existing models aim at identifying input features such as words or phrases important for model predictions.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Hanqi Yan , Lin Gui , Yulan He

In a multilingual or sociolingual configuration Intra-sentential Code Switching (ICS) or Code Mixing (CM) is frequently observed nowadays. In the world, most of the people know more than one language. CM usage is especially apparent in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Sunil Gundapu , Radhika Mamidi

Social media has become a bedrock for people to voice their opinions worldwide. Due to the greater sense of freedom with the anonymity feature, it is possible to disregard social etiquette online and attack others without facing severe…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Arushi Sharma , Anubha Kabra , Minni Jain

Code-switching occurs when more than one language is mixed in a given sentence or a conversation. This phenomenon is more prominent on social media platforms and its adoption is increasing over time. Therefore code-mixed NLP has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Ravindra Nayak , Raviraj Joshi

The widespread online communication in a modern multilingual world has provided opportunities to blend more than one language (aka code-mixed language) in a single utterance. This has resulted a formidable challenge for the computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Kartik Kartik , Sanjana Soni , Anoop Kunchukuttan , Tanmoy Chakraborty , Md Shad Akhtar

Social media plays a significant role in cross-cultural communication. A vast amount of this occurs in code-mixed and multilingual form, posing a significant challenge to Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools for processing such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Dwip Dalal , Vivek Srivastava , Mayank Singh

We study model merging as a practical alternative to conventional adaptation strategies for code-mixed NLP. Starting from a multilingual base model, we: (i) perform continued pre-training (CPT) on unlabeled code-mixed text to obtain an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Prashant Kodali , Vaishnavi Shivkumar , Swarang Joshi , Monojit Choudhary , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru , Manish Shrivastava

Multilingual encoder-based language models are widely adopted for code-mixed analysis tasks, yet we know surprisingly little about how they represent code-mixed inputs internally - or whether those representations meaningfully connect to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Debajyoti Mazumder , Divyansh Pathak , Prashant Kodali , Jasabanta Patro

Visual transformers have achieved remarkable performance in image classification tasks, but this performance gain has come at the cost of interpretability. One of the main obstacles to the interpretation of transformers is the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Guillaume Jeanneret , Loïc Simon , Frédéric Jurie

Unsupervised cross-lingual transfer involves transferring knowledge between languages without explicit supervision. Although numerous studies have been conducted to improve performance in such tasks by focusing on cross-lingual knowledge,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Jianyu Zheng , Fengfei Fan , Jianquan Li

Social media messages' brevity and unconventional spelling pose a challenge to language identification. We introduce a hierarchical model that learns character and contextualized word-level representations for language identification. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-08-11 Aaron Jaech , George Mulcaire , Shobhit Hathi , Mari Ostendorf , Noah A. Smith

In this paper, we propose efficient and less resource-intensive strategies for parsing of code-mixed data. These strategies are not constrained by in-domain annotations, rather they leverage pre-existing monolingual annotated resources for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-04-03 Irshad Ahmad Bhat , Riyaz Ahmad Bhat , Manish Shrivastava , Dipti Misra Sharma

Hierarchical attention networks have recently achieved remarkable performance for document classification in a given language. However, when multilingual document collections are considered, training such models separately for each language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-18 Nikolaos Pappas , Andrei Popescu-Belis

Transformer-based large language models (LLM) have been widely used in language processing applications. However, due to the memory constraints of the devices, most of them restrict the context window. Even though recurrent models in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Zifan He , Yingqi Cao , Zongyue Qin , Neha Prakriya , Yizhou Sun , Jason Cong

Transformer architectures have achieved state-of-the-art performance across natural language tasks, yet they fundamentally misrepresent the hierarchical nature of human language by processing text as flat token sequences. This results in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Ayan Sar , Sampurna Roy , Kanav Gupta , Anurag Kaushish , Tanupriya Choudhury , Abhijit Kumar

NLP applications for code-mixed (CM) or mix-lingual text have gained a significant momentum recently, the main reason being the prevalence of language mixing in social media communications in multi-lingual societies like India, Mexico,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Mohsin Ali , Kandukuri Sai Teja , Sumanth Manduru , Parth Patwa , Amitava Das

Pretrained contextualized representations offer great success for many downstream tasks, including document ranking. The multilingual versions of such pretrained representations provide a possibility of jointly learning many languages with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Zhiqi Huang , Hamed Bonab , Sheikh Muhammad Sarwar , Razieh Rahimi , James Allan