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Safety assurance is a fundamental requirement for deploying learning-enabled autonomous systems. Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) reachability analysis is a fundamental method for formally verifying safety and generating safe controllers. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Ihab Tabbara , Yuxuan Yang , Hussein Sibai

This paper addresses the problem of safety-critical control for systems with unknown dynamics. It has been shown that stabilizing affine control systems to desired (sets of) states while optimizing quadratic costs subject to state and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-31 Wei Xiao , Calin Belta , Christos G. Cassandras

As autonomous systems become increasingly prevalent in daily life, ensuring their safety is paramount. Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) have emerged as an effective tool for guaranteeing safety; however, manually designing them for specific…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Shreenabh Agrawal , Manan Tayal , Aditya Singh , Shishir Kolathaya

Recent advances allow for the automation of food preparation in high-throughput environments, yet the successful deployment of these robots requires the planning and execution of quick, robust, and ultimately collision-free behaviors. In…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Andrew Singletary , William Guffey , Tamas G. Molnar , Ryan Sinnet , Aaron D. Ames

This paper presents methodologies for constructing Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) for nonlinear, control-affine systems, in the presence of input constraints and bounded disturbances. More specifically, given a constraint function with…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-12 Joseph Breeden , Dimitra Panagou

Safety and stability are essential properties of control systems. Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) and Control Lyapunov Functions (CLFs) are powerful tools to ensure safety and stability respectively. However, previous approaches typically…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Hongkai Dai , Chuanrui Jiang , Hongchao Zhang , Andrew Clark

Among the promising approaches to enforce safety in control systems, learning Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) from expert demonstrations has emerged as an effective strategy. However, a critical challenge remains: verifying that the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Sumeadh MS , Kevin Dsouza , Ravi Prakash

In this paper, we propose a quadratic programming-based filter for safe and stable controller design, via a Control Barrier Function (CBF) and a Control Lyapunov Function (CLF). Our method guarantees safety and local asymptotic stability…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-02 Han Wang , Kostas Margellos , Antonis Papachristodoulou

Control barrier functions-based quadratic programming (CBF-QP) is gaining popularity as an effective controller synthesis tool for safe control. However, the provable safety is established on an accurate dynamic model and access to all…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-29 Jinfeng Chen , Zhiqiang Gao , Qin Lin

Obtaining control barrier functions (CBFs) with large safe sets for complex nonlinear systems and constraints is a challenging task. Predictive CBFs address this issue by using an online finite-horizon optimal control problem that…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-27 Kanghui He , Anil Alan , Shengling Shi , Ton van den Boom , Bart De Schutter

Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms have found limited success beyond simulated applications, and one main reason is the absence of safety guarantees during the learning process. Real world systems would realistically fail or break…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-22 Richard Cheng , Gabor Orosz , Richard M. Murray , Joel W. Burdick

Optimal control problems with constraints ensuring safety and convergence to desired states can be mapped onto a sequence of real time optimization problems through the use of Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) and Control Lyapunov Functions…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-10 Wei Xiao , Calin A. Belta , Christos G. Cassandras

Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) are a popular approach for safe control of nonlinear systems. In CBF-based control, the desired safety properties of the system are mapped to nonnegativity of a CBF, and the control input is chosen to ensure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Hongchao Zhang , Junlin Wu , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik , Andrew Clark

Tractable safety-ensuring algorithms for cyber-physical systems are important in critical applications. Approaches based on Control Barrier Functions assume continuous enforcement, which is not possible in an online fashion. This paper…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-03 Jan Schilliger , Thomas Lew , Spencer M. Richards , Severin Hänggi , Marco Pavone , Christopher Onder

This paper develops a novel control synthesis method for safe stabilization of control-affine systems as a Differential Complementarity Problem (DCP). Our design uses a control Lyapunov function (CLF) and a control barrier function (CBF) to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-04 Yinzhuang Yi , Shumon Koga , Bogdan Gavrea , Nikolay Atanasov

Safety is always one of the most critical principles for a system to be controlled. This paper investigates a safety-critical control scheme for unknown structured systems by using the control barrier function (CBF) method. Benefited from…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-17 Shengbo Wang , Bo Lyu , Shiping Wen , Kaibo Shi , Song Zhu , Tingwen Huang

Control Lyapunov functions (CLFs) and control barrier functions (CBFs) are widely used tools for synthesizing controllers subject to stability and safety constraints. Paired with online optimization, they provide stabilizing control actions…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Hongkai Dai , Frank Permenter

In safety-critical control, managing safety constraints with high relative degrees and uncertain obstacle dynamics pose significant challenges in guaranteeing safety performance. Robust Control Barrier Functions (RCBFs) offer a potential…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-06 Kwang Hak Kim , Mamadou Diagne , Miroslav Krstić

Synthesizing safe sets for robotic systems operating in complex and dynamically changing environments is a challenging problem. Solving this problem can enable the construction of safety filters that guarantee safe control actions -- most…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Gilbert Bahati , Ryan M. Bena , Aaron D. Ames

Verifying the safety of controllers is critical for many applications, but is especially challenging for systems with bounded inputs. Backup control barrier functions (bCBFs) offer a structured approach to synthesizing safe controllers that…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-08 David E. J. van Wijk , Ersin Das , Tamas G. Molnar , Aaron D. Ames , Joel W. Burdick
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