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This paper presents a state-of-the-art overview on how to architect, design, and optimize Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) such that performance is improved and accuracy is preserved. The paper covers a set of optimizations that span the entire…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Humberto Carvalho , Pavel Zaykov , Asim Ukaye

Compute-in-memory accelerators built upon non-volatile memory devices excel in energy efficiency and latency when performing deep neural network (DNN) inference, thanks to their in-situ data processing capability. However, the stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yifan Qin , Zheyu Yan , Dailin Gan , Jun Xia , Zixuan Pan , Wujie Wen , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Yiyu Shi

This paper proposes ReBNet, an end-to-end framework for training reconfigurable binary neural networks on software and developing efficient accelerators for execution on FPGA. Binary neural networks offer an intriguing opportunity for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-29 Mohammad Ghasemzadeh , Mohammad Samragh , Farinaz Koushanfar

Deploying deep learning models on mobile devices draws more and more attention recently. However, designing an efficient inference engine on devices is under the great challenges of model compatibility, device diversity, and resource…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Xiaotang Jiang , Huan Wang , Yiliu Chen , Ziqi Wu , Lichuan Wang , Bin Zou , Yafeng Yang , Zongyang Cui , Yu Cai , Tianhang Yu , Chengfei Lv , Zhihua Wu

Building efficient embedded deep learning systems requires a tight co-design between DNN algorithms, memory hierarchy, and dataflow. However, owing to the large degrees of freedom in the design space, finding an optimal solution through the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Linyan Mei , Pouya Houshmand , Vikram Jain , Sebastian Giraldo , Marian Verhelst

This work describes and validates an approach for autonomously bifurcating turbulent combustion manifolds to divide regression tasks amongst specialized artificial neural networks (ANNs). This approach relies on the mixture of experts (MoE)…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-11-11 Opeoluwa Owoyele , Prithwish Kundu , Pinaki Pal

Distributed DNN inference is becoming increasingly important as the demand for intelligent services at the network edge grows. By leveraging the power of distributed computing, edge devices can perform complicated and resource-hungry…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Xian Peng , Xin Wu , Lianming Xu , Li Wang , Aiguo Fei

As deep neural network (DNN) models grow ever-larger, they can achieve higher accuracy and solve more complex problems. This trend has been enabled by an increase in available compute power; however, efforts to continue to scale electronic…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Liane Bernstein , Alexander Sludds , Ryan Hamerly , Vivienne Sze , Joel Emer , Dirk Englund

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) face interpretability challenges due to their opaque internal representations. While Feature Map Convergence Evaluation (FMCE) quantifies module-level convergence via Feature Map Convergence Scores (FMCS), it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Zhibo Zhu , Renyu Huang , Lei He

Compiler frameworks are crucial for the widespread use of FPGA-based deep learning accelerators. They allow researchers and developers, who are not familiar with hardware engineering, to harness the performance attained by domain-specific…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Daniel Gerlinghoff , Zhehui Wang , Xiaozhe Gu , Rick Siow Mong Goh , Tao Luo

With the popularity of the deep neural network (DNN), hardware accelerators are demanded for real time execution. However, lengthy design process and fast evolving DNN models make hardware evaluation hard to meet the time to market need.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Chih-Chyau Yang , Tian-Sheuan Chang

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have achieved remarkable success across various intelligent tasks but encounter performance and energy challenges in inference execution due to data movement bottlenecks. We introduce DataMaestro, a versatile and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Xiaoling Yi , Yunhao Deng , Ryan Antonio , Fanchen Kong , Guilherme Paim , Marian Verhelst

Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (massive MIMO) technology stands as a cornerstone in 5G and beyonds. Despite the remarkable advancements offered by massive MIMO technology, the extreme number of antennas introduces challenges during…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-29 Do Hai Son , Vu Tung Lam , Tran Thi Thuy Quynh

Deep neural networks (DNN) are increasingly being accelerated on application-specific hardware such as the Google TPU designed especially for deep learning. Timing speculation is a promising approach to further increase the energy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-03 Jeff Zhang , Siddharth Garg

Recent technological advances have proliferated the available computing power, memory, and speed of modern Central Processing Units (CPUs), Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), and Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). Consequently, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Corey Lammie , Wei Xiang , Mostafa Rahimi Azghadi

This work proposes a novel Energy-Aware Network Operator Search (ENOS) approach to address the energy-accuracy trade-offs of a deep neural network (DNN) accelerator. In recent years, novel inference operators have been proposed to improve…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-13 Shamma Nasrin , Ahish Shylendra , Yuti Kadakia , Nick Iliev , Wilfred Gomes , Theja Tulabandhula , Amit Ranjan Trivedi

Mixed-precision neural networks (MPNNs) that enable the use of just enough data width for a deep learning task promise significant advantages of both inference accuracy and computing overhead. FPGAs with fine-grained reconfiguration…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Erjing Luo , Haitong Huang , Cheng Liu , Guoyu Li , Bing Yang , Ying Wang , Huawei Li , Xiaowei Li

Deep neural networks (DNNs) offer plenty of challenges in executing efficient computation at edge nodes, primarily due to the huge hardware resource demands. The article proposes HYDRA, hybrid data multiplexing, and runtime layer…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Sonu Kumar , Komal Gupta , Gopal Raut , Mukul Lokhande , Santosh Kumar Vishvakarma

Designing an optimal deep neural network for a given task is important and challenging in many machine learning applications. To address this issue, we introduce a self-adaptive algorithm: the adaptive network enhancement (ANE) method,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-02 Zhiqiang Cai , Jingshuang Chen , Min Liu

We propose a reconfigurable hardware architecture for deep neural networks (DNNs) capable of online training and inference, which uses algorithmically pre-determined, structured sparsity to significantly lower memory and computational…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-11-07 Sourya Dey , Yinan Shao , Keith M. Chugg , Peter A. Beerel