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One of the major shortcomings of variational autoencoders is the inability to produce generations from the individual modalities of data originating from mixture distributions. This is primarily due to the use of a simple isotropic Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Frantzeska Lavda , Magda Gregorová , Alexandros Kalousis

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have given us a great tool to fit implicit generative models to data. Implicit distributions are ones we can sample from easily, and take derivatives of samples with respect to model parameters. These…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-02-28 Ferenc Huszár

Integrating physics models within machine learning models holds considerable promise toward learning robust models with improved interpretability and abilities to extrapolate. In this work, we focus on the integration of incomplete physics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Naoya Takeishi , Alexandros Kalousis

Autoencoders exhibit impressive abilities to embed the data manifold into a low-dimensional latent space, making them a staple of representation learning methods. However, without explicit supervision, which is often unavailable, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-12 Felix Leeb , Stefan Bauer , Michel Besserve , Bernhard Schölkopf

We present a coupled Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) method that improves the accuracy and robustness of the probabilistic inferences on represented data. The new method models the dependency between input feature vectors (images) and weighs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Shichen Cao , Jingjing Li , Kenric P. Nelson , Mark A. Kon

Learning data representations that capture task-related features, but are invariant to nuisance variations remains a key challenge in machine learning. We introduce an automated Bayesian inference framework, called AutoBayes, that explores…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Andac Demir , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Ye Wang , Deniz Erdogmus

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are a popular class of deep generative models with many variants and a wide range of applications. Improvements upon the standard VAE mostly focus on the modelling of the posterior distribution over the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-02 James Langley , Miguel Monteiro , Charles Jones , Nick Pawlowski , Ben Glocker

Latent variable models can be used to probabilistically "fill-in" missing data entries. The variational autoencoder architecture (Kingma and Welling, 2014; Rezende et al., 2014) includes a "recognition" or "encoder" network that infers the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Christopher K. I. Williams , Charlie Nash , Alfredo Nazábal

Graph generation aims to sample discrete node and edge attributes while satisfying coupled structural constraints. Diffusion models for graphs often adopt largely factorized forward-noising, and many flow-matching methods start from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yida Xiong , Jiameng Chen , Xiuwen Gong , Jia Wu , Shirui Pan , Wenbin Hu

Learning from heterogeneous data poses challenges such as combining data from various sources and of different types. Meanwhile, heterogeneous data are often associated with missingness in real-world applications due to heterogeneity and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Yu Gong , Hossein Hajimirsadeghi , Jiawei He , Thibaut Durand , Greg Mori

This study addresses the challenge of statistically extracting generative factors from complex, high-dimensional datasets in unsupervised or semi-supervised settings. We investigate encoder-decoder-based generative models for nonlinear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-02 Arkaprabha Ganguli , Nesar Ramachandra , Julie Bessac , Emil Constantinescu

Neural Networks play a growing role in many science disciplines, including physics. Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are neural networks that are able to represent the essential information of a high dimensional data set in a low dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-08 Johannes Zacherl , Philipp Frank , Torsten A. Enßlin

A new method is proposed for exploiting causal independencies in exact Bayesian network inference. A Bayesian network can be viewed as representing a factorization of a joint probability into the multiplication of a set of conditional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-11-17 N. L. Zhang , D. Poole

Allowing effective inference of latent vectors while training GANs can greatly increase their applicability in various downstream tasks. Recent approaches, such as ALI and BiGAN frameworks, develop methods of inference of latent variables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Yatin Dandi , Homanga Bharadhwaj , Abhishek Kumar , Piyush Rai

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) and generative adversarial networks (GANs) enjoy an intuitive connection to manifold learning: in training the decoder/generator is optimized to approximate a homeomorphism between the data distribution and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Henry Li , Ofir Lindenbaum , Xiuyuan Cheng , Alexander Cloninger

High-dimensional data analysis typically focuses on low-dimensional structure, often to aid interpretation and computational efficiency. Graphical models provide a powerful methodology for learning the conditional independence structure in…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-13 Maria De Iorio , Willem van den Boom , Alexandros Beskos , Ajay Jasra , Andrea Cremaschi

We propose a novel modular inference approach combining two different generative models -- generative adversarial networks (GAN) and normalizing flows -- to approximate the posterior distribution of physics-based Bayesian inverse problems…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Agnimitra Dasgupta , Dhruv V Patel , Deep Ray , Erik A Johnson , Assad A Oberai

Recent efforts on combining deep models with probabilistic graphical models are promising in providing flexible models that are also easy to interpret. We propose a variational message-passing algorithm for variational inference in such…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-15 Wu Lin , Nicolas Hubacher , Mohammad Emtiyaz Khan

Causal representation learning seeks to recover latent factors that generate observational data through a mixing function. Needing assumptions on latent structures or relationships to achieve identifiability in general, prior works often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Kwonho Kim , Heejeong Nam , Inwoo Hwang , Sanghack Lee

Variational Autoencoders for multimodal data hold promise for many tasks in data analysis, such as representation learning, conditional generation, and imputation. Current architectures either share the encoder output, decoder input, or…