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Optical spectroscopy is indispensable for research and development in nanoscience and nanotechnology, microelectronics, energy, and advanced manufacturing. Advanced optical spectroscopy tools often require both specifically designed…

Optics · Physics 2022-10-12 Ziyang Wang , Yuxuan Cosmi Lin , Kunyan Zhang , Wenjing Wu , Shengxi Huang

Tomography is the three-dimensional reconstruction of an object from images taken at different angles. The term classical tomography is used, when the imaging beam travels in straight lines through the object. This assumption is valid for…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2016-10-10 Paul Müller , Mirjam Schürmann , Jochen Guck

Ptychography involves a sample being illuminated by a coherent, localised probe of illumination. When the probe interacts with the sample, the light is diffracted and a diffraction pattern is detected. Then the probe or sample is shifted…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-09 Mark Philip Roach

Optical spectroscopy is an important and widely used technique, for instance, to characterize new materials and to identify unknown compounds. Spectra are typically reported as a function of the wavelength of light, yet the information…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-06 Erik F. Woering , Richard Hildner

Diffraction is a manifestation of light at edge due to its wavelike nature. The well-known diffraction phenomena are Fresnel and Fraunhofer, they find variety of applications individually. But the synergy of two phenomena is not studied and…

Physics Education · Physics 2020-12-15 Pritam P Shetty , Jayachandra Bingi

We tackle the problem of reflectance estimation from a set of multi-view images, assuming known geometry. The approach we put forward turns the input images into reflectance maps, through a robust variational method. The variational model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-24 Jean Mélou , Yvain Quéau , Jean-Denis Durou , Fabien Castan , Daniel Cremers

Estimating correspondences between deformed shape instances is a long-standing problem in computer graphics; numerous applications, from texture transfer to statistical modelling, rely on recovering an accurate correspondence map. Many…

All optical systems, which involve the collimation of a reflected, transmitted or scattered wave subsequent to tight focusing, are subject to two kinds of deviations. One is the wavefront curvature due to inaccurate focal placement of the…

Optics · Physics 2024-06-10 Nitish Kumar , Anirban Debnath , Nirmal K. Viswanathan

We design freeform lenses refracting an arbitrarily given incident field into a given fixed direction. In the near field case, we study the existence of lenses refracting a given bright object into a predefined image. We also analyze the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-03-07 Cristian E. Gutierrez , Ahmad Sabra

Although all members of the ophthalmic community agree that distortion is an aberration affecting the geometry of an image produced by the periphery of an ophthalmic lens, there are several approaches for analyzing and quantifying this…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-01-19 Jean-Marie Hanssens , Bernard Bourdoncle , Jacques Gresset , Jocelyn Faubert , Pierre Simonet

Change detection, as an important and widely applied technique in the field of remote sensing, aims to analyze changes in surface areas over time and has broad applications in areas such as environmental monitoring, urban development, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Zihan Yu , Tianxiao Li , Yuxin Zhu , Rongze Pan

In this Chapter we review the challenges of, and opportunities for, 3D spectroscopy, and how these have lead to new and different approaches to sampling astronomical information. We describe and categorize existing instruments on 4m and 10m…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-02 Matthew A. Bershady

Deepfake detection remains a challenging task due to the difficulty of generalizing to new types of forgeries. This problem primarily stems from the overfitting of existing detection methods to forgery-irrelevant features and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Zhiyuan Yan , Yong Zhang , Yanbo Fan , Baoyuan Wu

Characterization of the deformation of materials across different length scales has continuously attracted enormous attention from the mechanics and materials communities. In this study, the possibility of utilizing a computer vision…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-04-22 Chaoyi Zhu , Haoren Wang , Kevin Kaufmann , Kenneth Vecchio

The scattering matrix, which quantifies the optical reflection and transmission of a photonic structure, is pivotal for understanding the performance of the structure. In many photonic design tasks, it is also desired to know how the…

Optics · Physics 2020-12-30 Ziwei Zhu , Changxi Zheng

Surface waves on liquids act as a dynamical phase grating for incident light. In this article, we revisit the classical method of probing such waves (wavelengths of the order of mm) as well as inherent properties of liquids and liquid films…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-11 Tarun Kr. Barik , Partha Roy Chaudhuri , Anushree Roy , Sayan Kar

The surface of a spinning liquid takes the shape of a paraboloid that can be used as a reflecting mirror. This very old and nearly forgotten concept has recently been revived and I review its present status. Extensive interferometric tests…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ermanno F. Borra

Since local feature detection has been one of the most active research areas in computer vision, a large number of detectors have been proposed. This has rendered the task of characterizing the performance of various feature detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-10-20 Shoaib Ehsan , Adrian F. Clark , Bruno Ferrarini , Naveed Ur Rehman , Klaus D. McDonald-Maier

Face detection is to search all the possible regions for faces in images and locate the faces if there are any. Many applications including face recognition, facial expression recognition, face tracking and head-pose estimation assume that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Yuantao Feng , Shiqi Yu , Hanyang Peng , Yan-Ran Li , Jianguo Zhang

Concave mirrors are fundamental optical elements, yet some easily observed behaviors are rarely addressed in standard textbooks, such as the formation of multiple reflected images. Here we investigate self-imaging -- where the observer is…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-30 Thach A. Nguyen , Kaitlyn S. Yasumura , Duy V. Tran , Trung V. Phan