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Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have become a standard approach for semi-supervised node classification, yet practitioners lack clear guidance on when GCNs provide meaningful improvements over simpler baselines. We present a diagnostic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Nischal Subedi , Ember Kerstetter , Winnie Li , Silo Murphy

Reviewing radiology reports in emergency departments is an essential but laborious task. Timely follow-up of patients with abnormal cases in their radiology reports may dramatically affect the patient's outcome, especially if they have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-06 Hamed Hassanzadeh , Mahnoosh Kholghi , Anthony Nguyen , Kevin Chu

Deep generative models trained with large amounts of unlabelled data have proven to be powerful within the domain of unsupervised learning. Many real life data sets contain a small amount of labelled data points, that are typically…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-04-04 Lars Maaløe , Marco Fraccaro , Ole Winther

Recent advances in quantum technology have led to the development and the manufacturing of programmable quantum annealers that promise to solve certain combinatorial optimization problems faster than their classical counterparts.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-26 Yu-Lin Zheng , Wen Zhang , Cheng Zhou , Wei Geng

In self-supervised learning for speaker recognition, pseudo labels are useful as the supervision signals. It is a known fact that a speaker recognition model doesn't always benefit from pseudo labels due to their unreliability. In this…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-15 Ruijie Tao , Kong Aik Lee , Rohan Kumar Das , Ville Hautamäki , Haizhou Li

In recent years, Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) and their variants have been widely utilized in learning tasks that involve graphs. These tasks include recommendation systems, node classification, among many others. In node…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-23 Mustafa Coskun , Burcu Bakir Gungor , Mehmet Koyuturk

We propose the application of a semi-supervised learning method to improve the performance of acoustic modelling for automatic speech recognition based on deep neural net- works. As opposed to unsupervised initialisation followed by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-10-04 Akash Kumar Dhaka , Giampiero Salvi

Deep neural networks are typically trained under a supervised learning framework where a model learns a single task using labeled data. Instead of relying solely on labeled data, practitioners can harness unlabeled or related data to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Huanru Henry Mao

The amount of manually labeled data is limited in medical applications, so semi-supervised learning and automatic labeling strategies can be an asset for training deep neural networks. However, the quality of the automatically generated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Wenhui Cui , Haleh Akrami , Anand A. Joshi , Richard M. Leahy

In the realms of computer vision, it is evident that deep neural networks perform better in a supervised setting with a large amount of labeled data. The representations learned with supervision are not only of high quality but also helps…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-28 Souradip Chakraborty , Aritra Roy Gosthipaty , Sayak Paul

Graph representation learning based on graph neural networks (GNNs) can greatly improve the performance of downstream tasks, such as node and graph classification. However, the general GNN models do not aggregate node information in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Fei Ding , Xiaohong Zhang , Justin Sybrandt , Ilya Safro

Self-training is a classical approach in semi-supervised learning which is successfully applied to a variety of machine learning problems. Self-training algorithm generates pseudo-labels for the unlabeled examples and progressively refines…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Samet Oymak , Talha Cihad Gulcu

Supervised learning algorithms based on Convolutional Neural Networks have become the benchmark for medical image segmentation tasks, but their effectiveness heavily relies on a large amount of labeled data. However, annotating medical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-20 Tao Wang , Yuanbin Chen , Xinlin Zhang , Yuanbo Zhou , Junlin Lan , Bizhe Bai , Tao Tan , Min Du , Qinquan Gao , Tong Tong

We present two approaches that use unlabeled data to improve sequence learning with recurrent networks. The first approach is to predict what comes next in a sequence, which is a conventional language model in natural language processing.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-05 Andrew M. Dai , Quoc V. Le

Graph neural networks (GNNs) work remarkably well in semi-supervised node regression, yet a rigorous theory explaining when and why they succeed remains lacking. To address this gap, we study an aggregate-and-readout model that encompasses…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-20 Juntong Chen , Claire Donnat , Olga Klopp , Johannes Schmidt-Hieber

Large graph datasets make training graph neural networks (GNNs) computationally costly. Graph condensation methods address this by generating small synthetic graphs that approximate the original data. However, existing approaches rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Jay Nandy , Arnab Kumar Mondal , Anuj Rathore , Mahesh Chandran

Recent studies often exploit Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) to model label dependencies to improve recognition accuracy for multi-label image recognition. However, constructing a graph by counting the label co-occurrence possibilities of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Jin Ye , Junjun He , Xiaojiang Peng , Wenhao Wu , Yu Qiao

In this paper, we present a simple and efficient method for training deep neural networks in a semi-supervised setting where only a small portion of training data is labeled. We introduce self-ensembling, where we form a consensus…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-03-16 Samuli Laine , Timo Aila

In this work, we address semi-supervised classification of graph data, where the categories of those unlabeled nodes are inferred from labeled nodes as well as graph structures. Recent works often solve this problem via advanced graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Chunyan Xu , Zhen Cui , Xiaobin Hong , Tong Zhang , Jian Yang , Wei Liu

Semi-supervised learning approaches train on small sets of labeled data along with large sets of unlabeled data. Self-training is a semi-supervised teacher-student approach that often suffers from the problem of "confirmation bias" that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Aswathnarayan Radhakrishnan , Jim Davis , Zachary Rabin , Benjamin Lewis , Matthew Scherreik , Roman Ilin