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The reliability of the outcome of a quantum circuit in near-term noisy quantum computers depends on the gate count and depth for a given problem. Circuits with a short depth and lower gate count can yield the correct solution more often…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Rupshali Roy , Subrata Das , Swaroop Ghosh

Traditional learning-based approaches for run-time Hardware Trojan detection require complex and expensive on-chip data acquisition frameworks and thus incur high area and power overhead. To address these challenges, we propose to leverage…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Faiq Khalid , Syed Rafay Hasan , Sara Zia , Osman Hasan , Falah Awwad , Muhammad Shafique

The commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) component based ecosystem provides an attractive system design paradigm due to the drastic reduction in development time and cost compared to custom solutions. However, it brings in a growing concern of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Mahmudul Hasan , Jonathan Cruz , Prabuddha Chakraborty , Swarup Bhunia , Tamzidul Hoque

As hardware serves as the root of trust in modern computing systems, Hardware Reverse Engineering (HRE) is foundational for security assurance. In practice, HRE enables critical security applications, including design verification,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Zehra Karadağ , Simon Klix , René Walendy , Felix Hahn , Kolja Dorschel , Julian Speith , Christof Paar , Steffen Becker

Cyber-physical systems rely on sensors, communication, and computing, all powered by integrated circuits (ICs). ICs are largely susceptible to various hardware attacks with malicious intents. One of the stealthiest threats is the insertion…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Sefatun-Noor Puspa , Abyad Enan , Reek Majumdar , M Sabbir Salek , Gurcan Comert , Mashrur Chowdhury

Hardware security has risen in prominence in recent years with concerns stemming from a globalizing semiconductor supply chain and increased third-party IP (intellectual property) usage. Trojan detection is of paramount importance for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-18 Dillon Staub , Rashmi Jha , David Kapp

Vulnerability detection is a critical problem in software security and attracts growing attention both from academia and industry. Traditionally, software security is safeguarded by designated rule-based detectors that heavily rely on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Tiehua Zhang , Rui Xu , Jianping Zhang , Yuze Liu , Xin Chen , Jun Yin , Xi Zheng

Owning a high-end semiconductor foundry is a luxury very few companies can afford. Thus, fabless design companies outsource integrated circuit fabrication to third parties. Within foundries, rogue elements may gain access to the customer's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Tiago Perez , Samuel Pagliarini

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are becoming commonplace in critical applications, making their susceptibility to backdoor (trojan) attacks a significant problem. In this paper, we introduce a novel backdoor attack detection pipeline, detecting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Akash Vartak , Khondoker Murad Hossain , Tim Oates

Outsourcing integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing to offshore foundries has grown exponentially in recent years. Given the critical role of ICs in the control and operation of vehicular systems and other modern engineering designs, such…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-23 Walid Saad , Anibal Sanjab , Yunpeng Wang , Charles Kamhoua , Kevin Kwiat

The time-to-market pressure and continuous growing complexity of hardware designs have promoted the globalization of the Integrated Circuit (IC) supply chain. However, such globalization also poses various security threats in each phase of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Shih-Yuan Yu , Rozhin Yasaei , Qingrong Zhou , Tommy Nguyen , Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque

Traditionally, inserting realistic Hardware Trojans (HTs) into complex hardware systems has been a time-consuming and manual process, requiring comprehensive knowledge of the design and navigating intricate Hardware Description Language…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Md Omar Faruque , Peter Jamieson , Ahmad Patooghy , Abdel-Hameed A. Badawy

Reverse engineering an integrated circuit netlist is a powerful tool to help detect malicious logic and counteract design piracy. A critical challenge in this domain is the correct classification of data-path and control-logic registers in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Subhajit Dutta Chowdhury , Kaixin Yang , Pierluigi Nuzzo

Economic and operational advantages have led the supply chain of printed circuit boards (PCBs) to incorporate various untrusted entities. Any of the untrusted entities are capable of introducing malicious alterations to facilitate a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Tamzidul Hoque , Shuo Yang , Aritra Bhattacharyay , Jonathan Cruz , Swarup Bhunia

High-level synthesis (HLS) is the next emerging trend for designing complex customized architectures for applications such as Machine Learning, Video Processing. It provides a higher level of abstraction and freedom to hardware engineers to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Mukta Debnath , Animesh Basak Chowdhury , Debasri Saha , Susmita Sur-Kolay

High-level synthesis (HLS) tools have provided significant productivity enhancements to the design flow of digital systems in recent years, resulting in highly-optimized circuits, in terms of area and latency. Given the evolution of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Amalia Artemis Koufopoulou , Athanasios Papadimitriou , Aggelos Pikrakis , Mihalis Psarakis , David Hely

Logic locking and hardware Trojans are two fields in hardware security that have been mostly developed independently from each other. In this paper, we identify the relationship between these two fields. We find that a common structure that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yuntao Liu , Aruna Jayasena , Prabhat Mishra , Ankur Srivastava

Despite their success and popularity, deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable when facing backdoor attacks. This impedes their wider adoption, especially in mission critical applications. This paper tackles the problem of Trojan…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Xiaoling Hu , Xiao Lin , Michael Cogswell , Yi Yao , Susmit Jha , Chao Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language processing tasks, yet their application in hardware security verification remains limited due to scarcity of publicly available hardware description…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Touseef Hasan , Blessing Airehenbuwa , Nitin Pundir , Souvika Sarkar , Ujjwal Guin

Recently, it has been shown that deep learning models are vulnerable to Trojan attacks, where an attacker can install a backdoor during training time to make the resultant model misidentify samples contaminated with a small trigger patch.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Haripriya Harikumar , Vuong Le , Santu Rana , Sourangshu Bhattacharya , Sunil Gupta , Svetha Venkatesh