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Advancements in quantum computing are fuelling emerging applications across disciplines, including finance, where quantum and quantum-inspired algorithms can now make market predictions, detect fraud, and optimize portfolios. Expanding this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-06 Anna G. Hughes , Jack S. Baker , Santosh Kumar Radha

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) remains a fundamental challenge in robotics, where classical centralized approaches exhibit exponential growth in joint-state complexity as the number of agents increases. This paper investigates Quadratic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Javier González Villasmil

Simulated annealing (SA) is a key algorithm for solving combinatorial optimization problems, which model numerous real-world systems. While SA is commonly used to solve quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problems, many…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-05 Kohei Suzuki

Real-world optimization problems must undergo a series of transformations before becoming solvable on current quantum hardware. Even for a fixed problem, the number of possible transformation paths -- from industry-relevant formulations…

There exist numerous problems in nature inherently described by finite $D$-dimensional states. Formulating these problems for execution on qubit-based quantum hardware requires mapping the qudit Hilbert space to that of multiqubit which may…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-23 Shakib Daryanoosh

We present PyQUBO, an open-source, Python library for constructing quadratic unconstrained binary optimizations (QUBOs) from the objective functions and the constraints of optimization problems. PyQUBO enables users to prepare QUBOs or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-04 Mashiyat Zaman , Kotaro Tanahashi , Shu Tanaka

Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) provides a versatile framework for representing NP-hard combinatorial problems, yet existing solvers often face trade-offs among speed, accuracy, and scalability. In this work, we introduce…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-06 Jiecheng Yang , Ding Wang , Xiang Zhao , Hairui Zhang , Ming Gao , Lin Yang

Quantum approximate optimization is one of the promising candidates for useful quantum computation, particularly in the context of finding approximate solutions to Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems. However, the…

Factorization Machine (FM) is the most commonly used model to build a recommendation system since it can incorporate side information to improve performance. However, producing item suggestions for a given user with a trained FM is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-09 Chen-Yu Liu , Hsin-Yu Wang , Pei-Yen Liao , Ching-Jui Lai , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

Combinatorial optimization problems are pivotal across many fields. Among these, Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems, central to fields like portfolio optimization, network design, and computational biology, are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-07 Yuhan Huang , Siyuan Jin , Yichi Zhang , Ling Pan , Qiming Shao

This paper proposes a novel combination of constraint encoding methods for the Quantum Approximate Optimization Ansatz (QAOA). Real-world optimization problems typically consist of multiple types of constraints. To solve these optimization…

A frequent starting point of quantum computation platforms are two-state quantum systems, i.e., qubits. However, in the context of integer optimization problems, relevant to scheduling optimization and operations research, it is often more…

The problem of selecting an appropriate number of features in supervised learning problems is investigated in this paper. Starting with common methods in machine learning, we treat the feature selection task as a quadratic unconstrained…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-21 Gerhard Hellstern , Vanessa Dehn , Martin Zaefferer

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a leading candidate algorithm for solving optimization problems on quantum computers. However, the potential of QAOA to tackle classically intractable problems remains unclear. Here,…

As power systems expand, solving the Unit Commitment Problem (UCP) becomes increasingly challenging due to the dimensional catastrophe, and traditional methods often struggle to balance computational efficiency and solution quality. To…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-27 Jingxian Zhou , Ziqing Zhu , Linghua Zhu , Siqi Bu

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising approach for programming a near-term gate-based hybrid quantum computer to find good approximate solutions of hard combinatorial problems. However, little is currently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-21 Gavin E. Crooks

Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is one of the popular quantum algorithms that are used to solve combinatorial optimization problems via approximations. QAOA is able to be evaluated on both physical and virtual quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-07 Yu-Cheng Lin , Chuan-Chi Wang , Chia-Heng Tu , Shih-Hao Hung

The present tutorial aims to provide a comprehensible and easily accessible introduction into the theory and implementation of the famous Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). We lay our focus on practical aspects and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-24 Andreas Sturm

Qubit-efficient optimization studies how large combinatorial problems can be addressed with quantum circuits whose width is far smaller than the number of logical variables. In quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO), objective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Gordon Ma , Dimitris G. Angelakis

Black-box optimization (BBO) can be used to optimize functions whose analytic form is unknown. A common approach to realising BBO is to learn a surrogate model which approximates the target black-box function which can then be solved via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Jonas Nüßlein , Christoph Roch , Thomas Gabor , Jonas Stein , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien , Sebastian Feld