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This working paper describes new results in derivations of the Continuous Ranked Probability Score of a generalized beta-prime distribution and several special cases, such as the Dagum distribution and Singh-Maddala distribution. Comparison…

Computation · Statistics 2026-03-17 Matthew LeDuc

Reparameterizable densities are an important way to learn probability distributions in a deep learning setting. For many distributions it is possible to create low-variance gradient estimators by utilizing a `reparameterization trick'. Due…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-13 Luca Falorsi , Pim de Haan , Tim R. Davidson , Patrick Forré

A Wright function based framework is proposed to combine and extend several distribution families. The $\alpha$-stable distribution is generalized by adding the degree of freedom parameter. The PDF of this two-sided super distribution…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-02-18 Stephen H. Lihn

We study a distributed estimation problem in which two remotely located parties, Alice and Bob, observe an unlimited number of i.i.d. samples corresponding to two different parts of a random vector. Alice can send $k$ bits on average to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-26 Uri Hadar , Ofer Shayevitz

We study the learning dynamics of a multi-pass, mini-batch Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) procedure for empirical risk minimization in high-dimensional multi-index models with isotropic random data. In an asymptotic regime where the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-19 Zhou Fan , Leda Wang

Local SGD is a popular optimization method in distributed learning, often outperforming other algorithms in practice, including mini-batch SGD. Despite this success, theoretically proving the dominance of local SGD in settings with…

In this paper, we propose a new class of distributions by exponentiating the random variables associated with the probability density functions of composite distributions. We also derive some mathematical properties of this new class of…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-05 Bowen Liu , Malwane M. A. Ananda

In this paper we develop a bivariate discrete generalized exponential distribution, whose marginals are discrete generalized exponential distribution as proposed by Nekoukhou, Alamatsaz and Bidram ("Discrete generalized exponential…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-01-16 Vahid Nekoukhou , Debasis Kundu

Analyzing neural network dynamics via stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is crucial to building theoretical foundations for deep learning. Previous work has analyzed structured inputs within the \textit{hidden manifold model}, often under…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-01 Jaeyong Bae , Hawoong Jeong

Nested error regression models are useful tools for analysis of grouped data, especially in the case of small area estimation. This paper suggests a nested error regression model using uncertain random effects in which the random effect in…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-02-28 Shonosuke Sugasawa , Tatsuya Kubokawa

The Tukey-$\lambda$ distribution has interesting properties including (i) for some parameters values it has finite support, and for others infinite support, and (ii) it can mimic several other distributions such that parameter estimation…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-12-14 Matthew Roughan

We analyze in a closed form the learning dynamics of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for a single-layer neural network classifying a high-dimensional Gaussian mixture where each cluster is assigned one of two labels. This problem provides…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Francesca Mignacco , Florent Krzakala , Pierfrancesco Urbani , Lenka Zdeborová

Computing the similarity between two probability distributions is a recurring theme across control. We introduce a unified family of distances between the probability distributions of two random variables that is based on the discrepancy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-03 Alexandros E. Tzikas , Arec Jamgochian , Nazim Kemal Ure , Mykel J. Kochenderfer , Stephen P. Boyd

This paper addresses the problem of Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) under a long-tailed distribution, which involves discovering novel categories in an unlabelled dataset using knowledge from a set of labelled categories. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Bingchen Zhao , Kai Han

Privacy preservation in machine learning, particularly through Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD), is critical for sensitive data analysis. However, existing statistical inference methods for SGD predominantly focus…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-15 Xintao Xia , Linjun Zhang , Zhanrui Cai

Given a probability distribution $\mu$ in $\mathbb{R}^d$ represented by data, we study in this paper the generative modeling of the corresponding conditional probability distributions on the level-sets of a collective variable…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-30 Fatima-Zahrae Akhyar , Wei Zhang , Gabriel Stoltz , Christof Schütte

Discrete probability laws underpin statistical modeling, yet the catalog of interpretable distributions has expanded only gradually through centuries of case-by-case mathematical derivations. We introduce symbolic density estimation (SDE),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Ziwen Liu , Meng Li

A new class of nonparametric prior distributions, termed Beta-Binomial stick-breaking process, is proposed. By allowing the underlying length random variables to be dependent through a Beta marginals Markov chain, an appealing discrete…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-12 María F. Gil-Leyva , Ramsés H. Mena , Theodoros Nicoleris

Self-correction is an effective technique for maintaining parallel sampling in discrete diffusion models with minimal performance degradation. Prior work has explored self-correction at inference time or during post-training; however, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Linxuan Wang , Ziyi Wang , Yikun Bai , Wei Deng , Guang Lin , Qifan Song

We study the problem of learning mixtures of $k$ Gaussians in $d$ dimensions. We make no separation assumptions on the underlying mixture components: we only require that the covariance matrices have bounded condition number and that the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Sitan Chen , Vasilis Kontonis , Kulin Shah