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In this study, we introduced a new benchmark consisting of a curated dataset and a defined evaluation process to assess the compositional reasoning capabilities of large language models within the chemistry domain. We designed and validated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Mohammad Khodadad , Ali Shiraee Kasmaee , Mahdi Astaraki , Nicholas Sherck , Hamidreza Mahyar , Soheila Samiee

Online hate speech is an important issue that breaks the cohesiveness of online social communities and even raises public safety concerns in our societies. Motivated by this rising issue, researchers have developed many traditional machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Rui Cao , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Tuan-Anh Hoang

Intent detection is a crucial component of modern conversational systems, since accurately identifying user intent at the beginning of a conversation is essential for generating effective responses. Recent efforts have focused on studying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Liang Zhang , Yuan Li , Shijie Zhang , Zheng Zhang , Xitong Li

Multi-hop reading comprehension requires not only the ability to reason over raw text but also the ability to combine multiple evidence. We propose a novel learning approach that helps language models better understand difficult multi-hop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Xiao-Yu Guo , Yuan-Fang Li , Gholamreza Haffari

The social and implicit nature of human communication ramifies readers' understandings of written sentences. Single gold-standard interpretations rarely exist, challenging conventional assumptions in natural language processing. This work…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Liesbeth Allein , Maria Mihaela Truşcǎ , Marie-Francine Moens

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, DeepSeek, and Claude has significantly increased the presence of AI-generated text in digital communication. This trend has heightened the need for reliable detection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Cong Zeng , Shengkun Tang , Yuanzhou Chen , Zhiqiang Shen , Wenchao Yu , Xujiang Zhao , Haifeng Chen , Wei Cheng , Zhiqiang Xu

Multi-hop Question Generation is the task of generating questions which require the reader to reason over and combine information spread across multiple passages using several reasoning steps. Chain-of-thought rationale generation has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Saurabh Kulshreshtha , Anna Rumshisky

Multi-hop reasoning is an effective approach for query answering (QA) over incomplete knowledge graphs (KGs). The problem can be formulated in a reinforcement learning (RL) setup, where a policy-based agent sequentially extends its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-13 Xi Victoria Lin , Richard Socher , Caiming Xiong

Out-of-scope intent detection is of practical importance in task-oriented dialogue systems. Since the distribution of outlier utterances is arbitrary and unknown in the training stage, existing methods commonly rely on strong assumptions on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Li-Ming Zhan , Haowen Liang , Bo Liu , Lu Fan , Xiao-Ming Wu , Albert Y. S. Lam

The widespread presence of hateful languages on social media has resulted in adverse effects on societal well-being. As a result, addressing this issue with high priority has become very important. Hate speech or offensive languages exist…

In recent years, monitoring hate speech and offensive language on social media platforms has become paramount due to its widespread usage among all age groups, races, and ethnicities. Consequently, there have been substantial research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Aneri Rana , Sonali Jha

Automatic identification of hateful and abusive content is vital in combating the spread of harmful online content and its damaging effects. Most existing works evaluate models by examining the generalization error on train-test splits on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Lanqin Yuan , Marian-Andrei Rizoiu

Deception detection has attracted increasing attention due to its importance in real-world scenarios. Its main goal is to detect deceptive behaviors from multimodal clues such as gestures, facial expressions, prosody, etc. However, these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Kang Chen , Zheng Lian , Haiyang Sun , Rui Liu , Jiangyan Yi , Bin Liu , Jianhua Tao

The recognition of hate speech and offensive language (HOF) is commonly formulated as a classification task to decide if a text contains HOF. We investigate whether HOF detection can profit by taking into account the relationships between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Flor Miriam Plaza-del-Arco , Sercan Halat , Sebastian Padó , Roman Klinger

Intent Detection is one of the core tasks of dialog systems. Few-shot Intent Detection is challenging due to limited number of annotated utterances for novel classes. Generalized Few-shot intent detection is more realistic but challenging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Ayush Kumar , Vijit Malik , Jithendra Vepa

Neural models, including large language models (LLMs), achieve superior performance on multi-hop question-answering. To elicit reasoning capabilities from LLMs, recent works propose using the chain-of-thought (CoT) mechanism to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Ruosen Li , Xinya Du

Informational bias is widely present in news articles. It refers to providing one-sided, selective or suggestive information of specific aspects of certain entity to guide a specific interpretation, thereby biasing the reader's opinion.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Shijia Guo , Kenny Q. Zhu

A growing line of work has investigated the development of neural NLP models that can produce rationales--subsets of input that can explain their model predictions. In this paper, we ask whether such rationale models can also provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Howard Chen , Jacqueline He , Karthik Narasimhan , Danqi Chen

The interest in offensive content identification in social media has grown substantially in recent years. Previous work has dealt mostly with post level annotations. However, identifying offensive spans is useful in many ways. To help…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Tharindu Ranasinghe , Marcos Zampieri

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting assumes that generated reasoning reflects a model's internal computation. We show this assumption is wrong in a specific, measurable way: models internally detect their own reasoning errors but outwardly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Aojie Yuan , Zhiyuan Julian Su , Haiyue Zhang , Yi Nian , Yue Zhao
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