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This chapter examines the global governance of artificial intelligence (AI) through the lens of the Global AI Divide, focusing on disparities in AI development, innovation, and regulation. It highlights systemic inequities in education,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Chinasa T. Okolo , Mubarak Raji

Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms are increasingly providing decision making and operational support across multiple domains. AI includes a wide library of algorithms for different problems. One important notion for the adoption of AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Feras A. Batarseh , Laura Freeman

This paper draws upon the evolutionary concepts of technological relatedness and knowledge complexity to enhance our understanding of the long-term evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI). We reveal corresponding patterns in the emergence…

General Economics · Economics 2021-02-03 Matheus E. Leusin , Bjoern Jindra , Daniel S. Hain

Recent advances in generative Artificial Intelligence have raised public awareness, shaping expectations and concerns about their societal implications. Central to these debates is the question of AI alignment -- how well AI systems meet…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Andreas Jungherr , Adrian Rauchfleisch

Technical and legal debates frequently suggest that "accuracy" is an objective, measurable, and purely technical property. We challenge this view, showing that evaluating AI performance fundamentally depends on context-dependent normative…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Lucas G. Uberti-Bona Marin , Bram Rijsbosch , Kristof Meding , Gerasimos Spanakis , Gijs van Dijck , Konrad Kollnig

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is fundamentally reshaping various industries by enhancing decision-making processes, optimizing operations, and unlocking new opportunities for innovation. This paper explores the applications of AI across four…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Yijie Weng , Jianhao Wu , Tara Kelly , William Johnson

The Aiming for AI Interoperability report investigates the ongoing challenge of achieving regulatory and technical AI interoperability as national and global AI governance efforts are proliferating. Here, technical interoperability is the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Benjamin Faveri , Craig Shank , Richard Whitt , Phillip Dawson

Recent debates on artificial intelligence increasingly emphasise questions of AI consciousness and moral status, yet there remains little agreement on how such properties should be evaluated. In this paper, we argue that awareness offers a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Nadine Meertens , Suet Lee , Ophelia Deroy

The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present unique challenges for policymakers that seek to govern the technology. In this context, the Delphi method has become an established way to identify consensus and disagreement on…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Atte Ojanen , Johannes Anttila , Thilo H. K. Thelitz , Anna Bjork

The rapid emergence of large language models (LLMs) has raised urgent questions across the modern workforce about this new technology's strengths, weaknesses, and capabilities. For privacy professionals, the question is whether these AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Zane Witherspoon , Thet Mon Aye , YingYing Hao

There is a significant lack of unified approaches to building generally intelligent machines. The majority of current artificial intelligence research operates within a very narrow field of focus, frequently without considering the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-11-03 Marek Rosa , Jan Feyereisl , The GoodAI Collective

In light of recent advancements in AI capabilities and the increasingly widespread integration of AI systems into society, governments worldwide are actively seeking to mitigate the potential harms and risks associated with these…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Anka Reuel , Lisa Soder , Ben Bucknall , Trond Arne Undheim

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an integral part of domains such as security, finance, healthcare, medicine, and criminal justice. Explaining the decisions of AI systems in human terms is a key challenge--due to the high complexity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Sheikh Rabiul Islam , William Eberle , Sheikh K. Ghafoor

Decades of research in artificial intelligence (AI) have produced formidable technologies that are providing immense benefit to industry, government, and society. AI systems can now translate across multiple languages, identify objects in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-08-08 Yolanda Gil , Bart Selman

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being adopted in most industries, and for applications such as note taking and checking grammar, there is typically not a cause for concern. However, when constitutional rights are involved, as…

Artificial intelligence (AI) has made significant strides in recent years, yet it continues to struggle with a fundamental aspect of cognition present in all animals: common sense. Current AI systems, including those designed for complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Hugo Latapie

Over the last thirty years, considerable progress has been made with the development of systems that can drive cars, play games, predict protein folding and generate natural language. These systems are described as intelligent and there has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-02 David Gamez

Traditional electrical power grids have long suffered from operational unreliability, instability, inflexibility, and inefficiency. Smart grids (or smart energy systems) continue to transform the energy sector with emerging technologies,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Roba Alsaigh , Rashid Mehmood , Iyad Katib

Across academia, industry, and government, ``AI'' has become central in research and development, regulatory debates, and promises of ever faster and more capable decision-making and action. In numerous domains, especially safety-critical…

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