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Applying standard machine learning approaches for classification can produce unequal results across different demographic groups. When then used in real-world settings, these inequities can have negative societal impacts. This has motivated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Preston Putzel , Scott Lee

Fairness studies of algorithmic decision-making systems often simplify complex decision processes, such as bail or loan approvals, into binary classification tasks. However, these approaches overlook that such decisions are not inherently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Ayan Majumdar , Deborah D. Kanubala , Kavya Gupta , Isabel Valera

The issue of bias (i.e., systematic unfairness) in machine learning models has recently attracted the attention of both researchers and practitioners. For the graph mining community in particular, an important goal toward algorithmic…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Agapi Rissaki , Bruno Scarone , David Liu , Aditeya Pandey , Brennan Klein , Tina Eliassi-Rad , Michelle A. Borkin

Data collected in the real world often encapsulates historical discrimination against disadvantaged groups and individuals. Existing fair machine learning (FairML) research has predominantly focused on mitigating discriminative bias in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Zhining Liu , Ruizhong Qiu , Zhichen Zeng , Yada Zhu , Hendrik Hamann , Hanghang Tong

As an important problem in modern data analytics, classification has witnessed varieties of applications from different domains. Different from conventional classification approaches, fair classification concerns the issues of unintentional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-25 Qing Ye , Weijun Xie

Fairness metrics are a core tool in the fair machine learning literature (FairML), used to determine that ML models are, in some sense, "fair". Real-world data, however, are typically plagued by various measurement biases and other violated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Jake Fawkes , Nic Fishman , Mel Andrews , Zachary C. Lipton

As more researchers have become aware of and passionate about algorithmic fairness, there has been an explosion in papers laying out new metrics, suggesting algorithms to address issues, and calling attention to issues in existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-16 Alex Beutel , Jilin Chen , Tulsee Doshi , Hai Qian , Allison Woodruff , Christine Luu , Pierre Kreitmann , Jonathan Bischof , Ed H. Chi

The issue of fairness in machine learning models has recently attracted a lot of attention as ensuring it will ensure continued confidence of the general public in the deployment of machine learning systems. We focus on mitigating the harm…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-24 Thomas Kehrenberg , Zexun Chen , Novi Quadrianto

Machine Learning (ML) decision-making algorithms are now widely used in predictive decision-making, for example, to determine who to admit and give a loan. Their wide usage and consequential effects on individuals led the ML community to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Keziah Naggita , J. Ceasar Aguma

Modern software relies heavily on data and machine learning, and affects decisions that shape our world. Unfortunately, recent studies have shown that because of biases in data, software systems frequently inject bias into their decisions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Brittany Johnson , Jesse Bartola , Rico Angell , Katherine Keith , Sam Witty , Stephen J. Giguere , Yuriy Brun

In recent years fairness in machine learning (ML) has emerged as a highly active area of research and development. Most define fairness in simple terms, where fairness means reducing gaps in performance or outcomes between demographic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Brent Mittelstadt , Sandra Wachter , Chris Russell

The potential lack of fairness in the outputs of machine learning algorithms has recently gained attention both within the research community as well as in society more broadly. Surprisingly, there is no prior work developing tree-induction…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-12-25 Edward Raff , Jared Sylvester , Steven Mills

Fairness in machine learning has received considerable attention. However, most studies on fair learning focus on either supervised learning or unsupervised learning. Very few consider semi-supervised settings. Yet, in reality, most machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Tao Zhang , Tianqing Zhu , Mengde Han , Jing Li , Wanlei Zhou , Philip S. Yu

The deployment of biased machine learning (ML) models has resulted in adverse effects in crucial sectors such as criminal justice and healthcare. To address these challenges, a diverse range of machine learning fairness interventions have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Sadia Afrin Mim , Fatema Tuz Zohra , Justin Smith , Brittany Johnson

The increasing use of Machine Learning (ML) software can lead to unfair and unethical decisions, thus fairness bugs in software are becoming a growing concern. Addressing these fairness bugs often involves sacrificing ML performance, such…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zichong Wang , Yang Zhou , David Lo , Wenbin Zhang

Mitigating algorithmic bias is a critical task in the development and deployment of machine learning models. While several toolkits exist to aid machine learning practitioners in addressing fairness issues, little is known about the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Zahra Ashktorab , Benjamin Hoover , Mayank Agarwal , Casey Dugan , Werner Geyer , Hao Bang Yang , Mikhail Yurochkin

Automated decision systems are increasingly used to take consequential decisions in problems such as job hiring and loan granting with the hope of replacing subjective human decisions with objective machine learning (ML) algorithms.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Guilherme Alves , Fabien Bernier , Miguel Couceiro , Karima Makhlouf , Catuscia Palamidessi , Sami Zhioua

We propose new tools for policy-makers to use when assessing and correcting fairness and bias in AI algorithms. The three tools are: - A new definition of fairness called "controlled fairness" with respect to choices of protected features…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-10 Mingliang Chen , Aria Shahverdi , Sarah Anderson , Se Yong Park , Justin Zhang , Dana Dachman-Soled , Kristin Lauter , Min Wu

The growing capability and accessibility of machine learning has led to its application to many real-world domains and data about people. Despite the benefits algorithmic systems may bring, models can reflect, inject, or exacerbate implicit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Ángel Alexander Cabrera , Will Epperson , Fred Hohman , Minsuk Kahng , Jamie Morgenstern , Duen Horng Chau

The field of automated machine learning (AutoML) introduces techniques that automate parts of the development of machine learning (ML) systems, accelerating the process and reducing barriers for novices. However, decisions derived from ML…