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Spin-orbit torque (SOT) represents an energy efficient method to control magnetization in magnetic memory devices. However, deterministically switching perpendicular memory bits usually requires the application of an additional bias field…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-10-03 Qianchang Wang , John Domann , Guoqiang Yu , Anthony Barra , Kang L. Wang , Gregory P. Carman

State-of-the-art in-memory computation has recently emerged as the most promising solution to overcome design challenges related to data movement inside current computing systems. One of the approaches to performing in-memory computation is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Saeed Seyedfaraji , Baset Mesgari , Semeen Rehman

The brain is dynamic, associative and efficient. It reconfigures by associating the inputs with past experiences, with fused memory and processing. In contrast, AI models are static, unable to associate inputs with past experiences, and run…

Hierarchical temporal memory (HTM) tries to mimic the computing in cerebral-neocortex. It identifies spatial and temporal patterns in the input for making inferences. This may require large number of computationally expensive tasks like,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Deliang Fan , Mrigank Sharad , Abhronil Sengupta , Kaushik Roy

A new class of spin-transfer torque magnetic random access memory (STT-MRAM) is discussed, in which writing is achieved using thermally initiated magnonic current pulses as an alternative to conventional electric current pulses. The…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-28 Niladri N. Mojumder , David W. Abraham , Kaushik Roy , D. C. Worledge

Stateful logic is a promising processing-in-memory (PIM) paradigm to perform logic operations using emerging nonvolatile memory cells. While most stateful logic circuits to date focused on technologies such as resistive RAM, we propose two…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Barak Hoffer , Shahar Kvatinsky

Spin-orbit torques (SOT) provide a versatile tool to manipulate the magnetization of diverse classes of materials and devices using electric currents, leading to novel spintronic memory and computing approaches. In parallel to spin transfer…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-07-26 Viola Krizakova , Manu Perumkunnil , Sebastien Couet , Pietro Gambardella , Kevin Garello

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) enables ultra-fast, energy-efficient magnetization switching, making it a promising mechanism for introducing MRAMs for cache memory applications. However, current SOT-MRAM devices face write efficiency limitations,…

Due to the very rapidly growing use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in real-world applications related to machine learning and Artificial Intelligence (AI), several hardware accelerator de-signs for ANNs have been proposed recently. In…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Supreeth Mysore Shivanandamurthy , Ishan. G. Thakkar , Sayed Ahmad Salehi

A new device structure for spin transfer torque based magnetic random access memory is proposed for on-chip memory applications. Our device structure exploits spin Hall effect to create a differential memory cell that exhibits fast and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-02-12 Yusung Kim , Sri Harsha Choday , Kaushik Roy

An analog neural network computing engine based on CMOS-compatible charge-trap transistor (CTT) is proposed in this paper. CTT devices are used as analog multipliers. Compared to digital multipliers, CTT-based analog multiplier shows…

Conventional neuro-computing architectures and artificial neural networks have often been developed with no or loose connections to neuroscience. As a consequence, they have largely ignored key features of biological neural processing…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Giacomo Indiveri , Bernabe Linares-Barranco , Robert Legenstein , George Deligeorgis , Themistoklis Prodromakis

As a promising alternative to the Von Neumann architecture, in-memory computing holds the promise of delivering high computing capacity while consuming low power. Content addressable memory (CAM) can implement pattern matching and distance…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-07-10 Zijing Zhao , Junzhe Kang , Ashwin Tunga , Hojoon Ryu , Ankit Shukla , Shaloo Rakheja , Wenjuan Zhu

Due to many limitations of Von Neumann architecture such as speed, memory bandwidth, efficiency of global interconnects and increase in the application of artificial neural network, researchers have been pushed to look into alternative…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Harshit Roy , Mrigank Sharad

In this work we report a study and a co-design methodology of an analog SNN crossbar output circuit designed in a 28nm FD-SOI technology node that comprises a tunable current attenuator and a leak-integrate and fire neurons that would…

Biological neurons perform arithmetic computations - including additive integration and divisive gain modulation - through synaptic conductance changes and shunting inhibition, enabling context-dependent information processing that far…

We describe a hybrid analog-digital computing approach to solve important combinatorial optimization problems that leverages memristors (two-terminal nonvolatile memories). While previous memristor accelerators have had to minimize analog…

As spin-orbit-torque magnetic random-access memory (SOT-MRAM) is gathering great interest as the next-generation low-power and high-speed on-chip cache memory applications, it is critical to analyze the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ)…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-05-28 Xiang Li , Shy-Jay Lin , Mahendra DC , Yu-Ching Liao , Chengyang Yao , Azad Naeemi , Wilman Tsai , Shan X. Wang

The performance and efficiency of running large-scale datasets on traditional computing systems exhibit critical bottlenecks due to the existing "power wall" and "memory wall" problems. To resolve those problems, processing-in-memory (PIM)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Yinglin Zhao , Jianlei Yang , Bing Li , Xingzhou Cheng , Xucheng Ye , Xueyan Wang , Xiaotao Jia , Zhaohao Wang , Youguang Zhang , Weisheng Zhao

In-memory computing (IMC) enables energy-efficient neural network inference by computing analog matrix-vector multiplications (MVM) in memory crossbar arrays. In this work we present a simulation framework for N-ary crossbar architectures…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Anatole Moureaux , Anthony Lopes Temporao , Flavio Abreu Araujo