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For $\gamma \in (0,2)$, the quantum disk and $\gamma$-quantum wedge are two of the most natural types of Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) surfaces with boundary. These surfaces arise as scaling limits of finite and infinite random planar…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-05-12 Morris Ang , Ewain Gwynne

A Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) surface is a natural random two-dimensional surface, initially formulated as a random measure space and later as a random metric space. We show that the LQG measure can be recovered as the Minkowski measure…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-10-13 Ewain Gwynne , Jinwoo Sung

We establish the first relationship between Schramm-Loewner evolution (SLE) and Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) in the supercritical (a.k.a. strongly coupled) phase, which corresponds to central charge values $\mathbf c_{\mathrm L} \in…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-11 Morris Ang , Ewain Gwynne

Consider a critical ($\gamma=2$) Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) disk together with an independent conformal loop ensemble (CLE) with parameter $\kappa=4$. We show that the critical LQG surfaces parametrized by the regions enclosed by the…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-12-02 Morris Ang , Ewain Gwynne

Originating in theoretical physics, Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) has been an important topic in probability theory and mathematical physics in the past two decades. In this proceeding, we review two aspects of this topic. The first is…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-21 Nina Holden , Xin Sun

Sheffield showed that conformally welding a $\gamma$-Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) surface to itself gives a Schramm-Loewner evolution (SLE) curve with parameter $\kappa = \gamma^2$ as the interface, and Duplantier-Miller-Sheffield proved…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-08-15 Morris Ang

Over the past few decades, two natural random surface models have emerged within physics and mathematics. The first is Liouville quantum gravity, which has its roots in string theory and conformal field theory from the 1980s and 1990s. The…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-12-06 Jason Miller

Permutons constructed from a Liouville quantum gravity surface and a pair of space-filling Schramm-Loewner evolutions (SLEs) have been shown -- or are conjectured -- to describe the scaling limit of various natural models of random…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-09-25 Jacopo Borga , Ewain Gwynne

We study the structure of the Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) surfaces that are cut out as one explores a conformal loop-ensemble CLE$_{\kappa'}$ for $\kappa'$ in $(4,8)$ that is drawn on an independent $\gamma$-LQG surface for…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-05-31 Jason Miller , Scott Sheffield , Wendelin Werner

We show that when one draws a simple conformal loop ensemble (CLE$_\kappa$ for $\kappa \in (8/3,4)$) on an independent $\sqrt{\kappa}$-Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) surface and explores the CLE in a natural Markovian way, the quantum…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-10-20 Jason Miller , Scott Sheffield , Wendelin Werner

We consider the $\gamma$-Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) model for $\gamma \in (0,2)$, formally described by $e^{\gamma h}$ where $h$ is a Gaussian free field on a planar domain $D$. Sheffield showed that when a certain type of LQG surface,…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-02-02 Liam Hughes , Jason Miller

Consider two critical Liouville quantum gravity surfaces (i.e., $\gamma$-LQG for $\gamma=2$), each with the topology of $\mathbb{H}$ and with infinite boundary length. We prove that there a.s. exists a conformal welding of the two surfaces,…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-09-07 Nina Holden , Ellen Powell

Liouville Quantum Field Theory can be seen as a probabilistic theory of 2d Riemannian metrics $e^{\phi(z)}dz^2$, conjecturally describing scaling limits of discrete $2d$-random surfaces. The law of the random field $\phi$ in LQFT depends on…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-08 François David , Antti Kupiainen , Rémi Rhodes , Vincent Vargas

The seminal work of Sheffield showed that when random surfaces called Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) are conformally welded, the resulting interface is Schramm-Loewner evolution (SLE). This has been proved for a variety of configurations,…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-10 Morris Ang , Pu Yu

As recently shown by Holden and two of the authors, the conformal welding of two Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) disks produces a canonical variant of SLE curve whose law is called the SLE loop measure. In this paper, we demonstrate how LQG…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-12-30 Morris Ang , Gefei Cai , Xin Sun , Baojun Wu

There is a simple way to "glue together" a coupled pair of continuum random trees (CRTs) to produce a topological sphere. The sphere comes equipped with a measure and a space-filling curve (which describes the "interface" between the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-08-20 Bertrand Duplantier , Jason Miller , Scott Sheffield

We define a three-parameter family of random surfaces in Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) which can be viewed as the quantum version of triangles. These quantum triangles are natural in two senses. First, by our definition they produce the…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-09-04 Morris Ang , Xin Sun , Pu Yu

We set the foundation for a series of works aimed at proving strong relations between uniform random planar maps and Liouville quantum gravity (LQG). Our method relies on a bijective encoding of site-percolated planar triangulations by…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-06-03 Olivier Bernardi , Nina Holden , Xin Sun

Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) is, heuristically, a theory of random Riemannian geometry with Riemannian metric tensor $e^{\gamma h} (\mathrm{d} x^2 + \mathrm{d} y^2)$, where $h$ is a variant of the Gaussian free field and $\gamma > 0$ is…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-06 Charles Devlin VI

We prove that SLE$_\kappa$ for $\kappa \in (4,8)$ on an independent $\gamma=4/\sqrt{\kappa}$-Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) surface is uniquely characterized by the form of its LQG boundary length process and the form of the conditional…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-02-12 Ewain Gwynne , Jason Miller
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