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We present a microscopic Hamiltonian framework to develop Maxwell demon like engine. Our model consists of a equilibrium thermal bath and a non-equilibrium bath; latter generated by driving with an external stationary, Gaussian noise. The…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-12-13 Jyotipratim Ray Chaudhuri , Sudip Chattopadhyay , Suman Kumar Banik

Maxwells Demon is a mythical being, first described by the physicist James Clerk Maxwell (although named Maxwells Demon by Lord Kelvin). Maxwell used it in a thought experiment to potentially violate the Second Law of Thermodynamics by…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-03-09 James Stein

The problem of Maxwell's demon in granular gas is revisited in the case of a mixture of two particle species. The phase space is found to be 2d. Existence of cyclic orbits, with periodic segregation, is demonstrated by investigating the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2011-11-24 P. Evesque

According to Landauer's principle, erasure of information is the only part of a computation process that unavoidably involves energy dissipation. If done reversibly, such an erasure generates the minimal heat of $k_BT\ln 2$ per erased bit…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-01-20 Dmitri V. Averin , Jukka P. Pekola

We have simulated numerically an automated version of Maxwell's demon inspired by Smoluchowski's ideas of 1912. Two gas chambers of equal volume are connected via an opening that is covered by a trapdoor. The trapdoor can open to the left…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. A. Skordos , W. H. Zurek

Maxwell's demon (MD) has proven an instructive vehicle by which to explore the relationship between information theory and thermodynamics, fueling the possibility of information driven machines. A long standing debate has been the concern…

Various biological and synthetic media out of equilibrium can be viewed as many-ratchet systems that rectify environmental noise through local measurements and information processing, like in Maxwell's prototypical demon. These systems pose…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-04-16 Bryan VanSaders , Michel Fruchart , Vincenzo Vitelli

Starting from 2002, at least two kinds of laboratory-testable, solid-state Maxwell demons have been proposed that utilize the electric field energy of an open-gap n-p junction and that seem to challenge the validity of the Second Law of…

Classical Physics · Physics 2013-04-17 Germano D'Abramo

We introduce a family of Generalized Continuous Maxwell Demons (GCMDs) operating on idealized single-bit equilibrium devices that combine the single-measurement Szilard and the repeated measurements of the Continuous Maxwell Demon…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-03-22 Juan P. Garrahan , Felix Ritort

We introduce and realize demons that follow a customary gambling strategy to stop a nonequilibrium process at stochastic times. We derive second-law-like inequalities for the average work done in the presence of gambling, and universal…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-03-02 Gonzalo Manzano , Diego Subero , Olivier Maillet , Rosario Fazio , Jukka P. Pekola , Édgar Roldán

We study an autonomous quantum system which exhibits refrigeration under an information-work trade-off like a Maxwell demon. The system becomes correlated as a single "demon" qubit interacts sequentially with memory qubits while in contact…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-08 Adrian Chapman , Akimasa Miyake

Motivated by recent progress on the motive power of information in quantum thermodynamics, we put forth an operational resource theory of Maxwell's demons. We show that the resourceful ({\em daemonic}) states can be partitioned into at most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-25 Gabriel T. Landi , Giacomo Guarnieri , Benjamin Morris , John Goold , Gerardo Adesso

Szilard's one-molecule engine is operated by a Maxwell's demon attempting to convert heat to work. It is argued here that when using the demon to relate information to work (Landauer's principle), the demon's goal must be regarded as an…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-04-29 J. H. van Hateren

This is another approach to realize Maxwell's "demon" hypothesis. Two Ag-O-Cs thermal electron ejectors, A and B, are settled in a vacuum tube. A non-uniform magnetic field exerted on the tube provides a one-way channel for the thermal…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Xinyong Fu , Zitao Fu

We introduce a deterministic chaotic system---the Szilard Map---that encapsulates the measurement, control, and erasure protocol by which Maxwellian Demons extract work from a heat reservoir. Implementing the Demon's control function in a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-05-18 Alexander B. Boyd , James P. Crutchfield

A Maxwell's demon type ``information engine" which extracts work from a bath is constructed from a microscopic Hamiltonian for the whole system including a subsystem, a thermal bath, and a nonequilibrium bath of phonons or photons which…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-22 Mark M. Millonas

Maxwell refrigerator as a device that can transfer heat from a cold to hot temperature reservoir making use of information reservoir was introduced by Mandal et al. \cite{Mandal2013a}. The model has a two state demon and a bit stream…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-02-24 Toby Joseph , Kiran V

The birth, life, and death of Maxwell's demon provoked a profound discussion about the interplay between thermodynamics, computation, and information. Even after its exorcism, the demon continues to inspire a multidisciplinary field. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-13 A. de Oliveira Junior , Jonatan Bohr Brask , Rafael Chaves

We establish a novel generalization of the fluctuation theorem for partially-masked nonequilibrium dynamics. We introduce a partial entropy production with a subset of all possible transitions, and show that the partial entropy production…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-01-20 Naoto Shiraishi , Takahiro Sagawa

We identify the optimal protocols to achieve the minimal entropy production in finite-time information exchange processes in Langevin systems, on the basis of optimal transport theory. Our general results hold even for non-Gaussian cases,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-10-16 Takuya Kamijima , Asuka Takatsu , Ken Funo , Takahiro Sagawa
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