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In recent years, self-supervised learning (SSL) has achieved tremendous success in various speech tasks due to its power to extract representations from massive unlabeled data. However, compared with tasks such as speech recognition (ASR),…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-14 Tianrui Wang , Xie Chen , Zhuo Chen , Shu Yu , Weibin Zhu

Audio and speech self-supervised encoder models are now widely used for a lot of different tasks. Many of these models are often trained on clean segmented speech content such as LibriSpeech. In this paper, we look into how the pretraining…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-13 Valentin Pelloin , Lina Bekkali , Reda Dehak , David Doukhan

Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a powerful technique for learning representations from unlabeled data. Transformer based models such as HuBERT, which consist a feature extractor and transformer layers, are leading the field in the speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-23 Zih-Ching Chen , Yu-Shun Sung , Hung-yi Lee

This work examines the content and usefulness of disentangled phone and speaker representations from two separately trained VQ-VAE systems: one trained on multilingual data and another trained on monolingual data. We explore the multi- and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-29 Jennifer Williams , Jason Fong , Erica Cooper , Junichi Yamagishi

Voice conversion (VC) modifies voice characteristics while preserving linguistic content. This paper presents the Stepback network, a novel model for converting speaker identity using non-parallel data. Unlike traditional VC methods that…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Qian Yang , Calbert Graham

This paper proposes a novel unsupervised autoregressive neural model for learning generic speech representations. In contrast to other speech representation learning methods that aim to remove noise or speaker variabilities, ours is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Yu-An Chung , Wei-Ning Hsu , Hao Tang , James Glass

To understand why self-supervised learning (SSL) models have empirically achieved strong performances on several speech-processing downstream tasks, numerous studies have focused on analyzing the encoded information of the SSL layer…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-07 Jialu Li , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Nancy L. McElwain

Recent studies have shown that the benefits provided by self-supervised pre-training and self-training (pseudo-labeling) are complementary. Semi-supervised fine-tuning strategies under the pre-training framework, however, remain…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Bowen Zhang , Songjun Cao , Xiaoming Zhang , Yike Zhang , Long Ma , Takahiro Shinozaki

Self-supervised speech representation models have succeeded in various tasks, but improving them for content-related problems using unlabeled data is challenging. We propose speaker-invariant clustering (Spin), a novel self-supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Heng-Jui Chang , Alexander H. Liu , James Glass

Enhancing speech quality is an indispensable yet difficult task as it is often complicated by a range of degradation factors. In addition to additive noise, reverberation, clipping, and speech attenuation can all adversely affect speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-01 Jaeuk Byun , Youna Ji , Soo Whan Chung , Soyeon Choe , Min Seok Choi

Discrete audio representations are gaining traction in speech modeling due to their interpretability and compatibility with large language models, but are not always optimized for noisy or real-world environments. Building on existing works…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Shreyas Gopal , Ashutosh Anshul , Haoyang Li , Yue Heng Yeo , Hexin Liu , Eng Siong Chng

Modern speech enhancement (SE) networks typically implement noise suppression through time-frequency masking, latent representation masking, or discriminative signal prediction. In contrast, some recent works explore SE via generative…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-07 Bryce Irvin , Marko Stamenovic , Mikolaj Kegler , Li-Chia Yang

Speaker recognition models face challenges in multi-lingual settings due to the entanglement of linguistic information within speaker embeddings. The overlap between vocal traits such as accent, vocal anatomy, and a language's phonetic…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Aditya Srinivas Menon , Raj Prakash Gohil , Kumud Tripathi , Pankaj Wasnik

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has made significant advances in speech representation learning. Models like wav2vec 2.0 and HuBERT have achieved state-of-the-art results in tasks such as speech recognition, particularly in monolingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 María Andrea Cruz Blandón , Zakaria Aldeneh , Jie Chi , Maureen de Seyssel

The excellent generalization ability of self-supervised learning (SSL) for speech foundation models has garnered significant attention. HuBERT is a successful example that utilizes offline clustering to convert speech features into discrete…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Ziyang Ma , Zhisheng Zheng , Guanrou Yang , Yu Wang , Chao Zhang , Xie Chen

Human speech contains both linguistic content and speaker dependent characteristics making speaker verification a key technology in identity critical applications. Modern deep learning speaker verification systems aim to learn speaker…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Nikos Chazaridis , Mohammad Belal , Rafael Mestre , Timothy J. Norman , Christine Evers

Recently, the standard variational autoencoder has been successfully used to learn a probabilistic prior over speech signals, which is then used to perform speech enhancement. Variational autoencoders have then been conditioned on a label…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-04 Guillaume Carbajal , Julius Richter , Timo Gerkmann

Through solving pretext tasks, self-supervised learning (SSL) leverages unlabeled data to extract useful latent representations replacing traditional input features in the downstream task. A common pretext task consists in pretraining a SSL…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-14 Salah Zaiem , Titouan Parcollet , Slim Essid

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) has gained traction for its ability to learn rich representations with low labeling costs, applicable across diverse downstream tasks. However, assessing the downstream-task performance remains challenging due…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Takashi Maekaku , Keita Goto , Jinchuan Tian , Yusuke Shinohara , Shinji Watanabe

Single-channel speech enhancement is utilized in various tasks to mitigate the effect of interfering signals. Conventionally, to ensure the speech enhancement performs optimally, the speech enhancement has needed to be tuned for each task.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-11 Hiroshi Sato , Tsubasa Ochiai , Marc Delcroix , Takafumi Moriya , Takanori Ashihara , Ryo Masumura