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Artificial Intelligence models are becoming increasingly more powerful and accurate, supporting or even replacing humans' decision making. But with increased power and accuracy also comes higher complexity, making it hard for users to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Vivian S. Silva , André Freitas , Siegfried Handschuh

The evolving landscape of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) aims to improve the interpretability of intricate machine learning (ML) models, yet faces challenges in formalisation and empirical validation, being an inherently…

Explainable AI (XAI) has been investigated for decades and, together with AI itself, has witnessed unprecedented growth in recent years. Among various approaches to XAI, argumentative models have been advocated in both the AI and social…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Kristijonas Čyras , Antonio Rago , Emanuele Albini , Pietro Baroni , Francesca Toni

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) aims to develop transparent explanatory approaches for "black-box" deep learning models. However,it remains difficult for existing methods to achieve the trade-off of the three key criteria in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Changqi Sun , Hao Xu , Yuntian Chen , Dongxiao Zhang

With the availability of large databases and recent improvements in deep learning methodology, the performance of AI systems is reaching or even exceeding the human level on an increasing number of complex tasks. Impressive examples of this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-08-29 Wojciech Samek , Thomas Wiegand , Klaus-Robert Müller

Advances in machine learning have led to graph neural network-based methods for drug discovery, yielding promising results in molecular design, chemical synthesis planning, and molecular property prediction. However, current graph neural…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2021-07-13 Jiahua Rao , Shuangjia Zheng , Yuedong Yang

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods are currently evaluated with approaches mostly originated in interpretable machine learning (IML) research that focus on understanding models such as comparison against existing attribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Shideh Shams Amiri , Rosina O. Weber , Prateek Goel , Owen Brooks , Archer Gandley , Brian Kitchell , Aaron Zehm

Generalized additive models (GAMs) are flexible non-linear regression models, which can be fitted efficiently using the approximate Bayesian methods provided by the mgcv R package. While the GAM methods provided by mgcv are based on the…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-08 Matteo Fasiolo , Simon N. Wood , Margaux Zaffran , Raphaël Nedellec , Yannig Goude

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become tightly integrated into modern technology, yet existing exploratory visualizations for explainable AI (XAI) are primarily designed for users with technical expertise. This leaves everyday users, who…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yuzhe You , Jian Zhao

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methods help to understand the internal mechanism of machine learning models and how they reach a specific decision or made a specific action. The list of informative features is one of the most…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Ahmed M Salih

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has experienced a significant growth over the last few years. This is due to the widespread application of machine learning, particularly deep learning, that has led to the development of highly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Giulia Vilone , Luca Longo

Surging interest in deep learning from high-stakes domains has precipitated concern over the inscrutable nature of black box neural networks. Explainable AI (XAI) research has led to an abundance of explanation algorithms for these black…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Zachariah Carmichael , Walter J. Scheirer

To advance the transparency of learning machines such as Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), the field of Explainable AI (XAI) was established to provide interpretations of DNNs' predictions. While different explanation techniques exist, a popular…

In this survey, we address the key challenges in Large Language Models (LLM) research, focusing on the importance of interpretability. Driven by increasing interest from AI and business sectors, we highlight the need for transparency in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Erik Cambria , Lorenzo Malandri , Fabio Mercorio , Navid Nobani , Andrea Seveso

Within the field of Requirements Engineering (RE), the increasing significance of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) in aligning AI-supported systems with user needs, societal expectations, and regulatory standards has garnered…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Timo Speith , Markus Langer

As the societal impact of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) grows, the goals for advancing DNNs become more complex and diverse, ranging from improving a conventional model accuracy metric to infusing advanced human virtues such as fairness,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Yuyang Gao , Siyi Gu , Junji Jiang , Sungsoo Ray Hong , Dazhou Yu , Liang Zhao

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) plays a crucial role in enabling human understanding and trust in deep learning systems. As models get larger, more ubiquitous, and pervasive in aspects of daily life, explainability is necessary to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Vinitra Swamy , Jibril Frej , Tanja Käser

In the last years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has achieved a notable momentum that may deliver the best of expectations over many application sectors across the field. For this to occur, the entire community stands in front of the barrier…

In a context of constant increase in competition and heightened regulatory pressure, accuracy, actuarial precision, as well as transparency and understanding of the tariff, are key issues in non-life insurance. Traditionally used…

Applications · Statistics 2025-03-28 Markéta Krùpovà , Nabil Rachdi , Quentin Guibert

Machine learning is frequently used in affective computing, but presents challenges due the opacity of state-of-the-art machine learning methods. Because of the impact affective machine learning systems may have on an individual's life, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 David S. Johnson , Olya Hakobyan , Hanna Drimalla