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We propose a novel framework for controllable natural language transformation. Realizing that the requirement of parallel corpus is practically unsustainable for controllable generation tasks, an unsupervised training scheme is introduced.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Parag Jain , Abhijit Mishra , Amar Prakash Azad , Karthik Sankaranarayanan

Existing text style transfer (TST) methods rely on style classifiers to disentangle the text's content and style attributes for text style transfer. While the style classifier plays a critical role in existing TST methods, there is no known…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Zhiqiang Hu , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Charu C. Aggarwal

Our goal is to use formal methods to analyse normative documents written in English, such as privacy policies and service-level agreements. This requires the combination of a number of different elements, including information extraction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-14 John J. Camilleri , Mohammad Reza Haghshenas , Gerardo Schneider

Autoformalization aims to translate natural-language mathematical statements into a formal language. While LLMs have accelerated progress in this area, existing methods still suffer from low accuracy. We identify two key abilities for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Yutong Wu , Di Huang , Ruosi Wan , Yue Peng , Shijie Shang , Chenrui Cao , Lei Qi , Rui Zhang , Zidong Du , Jie Yan , Xing Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely deployed in real-world applications, yet little is known about their training dynamics at the token level. Evaluation typically relies on aggregated training loss, measured at the batch level, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Andrea Pinto , Tomer Galanti , Randall Balestriero

Characterizing the computational power of neural network architectures in terms of formal language theory remains a crucial line of research, as it describes lower and upper bounds on the reasoning capabilities of modern AI. However, when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Alexandra Butoi , Ghazal Khalighinejad , Anej Svete , Josef Valvoda , Ryan Cotterell , Brian DuSell

Software testing and verification are critical for ensuring the reliability and security of modern software systems. Traditionally, formal verification techniques, such as model checking and theorem proving, have provided rigorous…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Norbert Tihanyi , Tamas Bisztray , Mohamed Amine Ferrag , Bilel Cherif , Richard A. Dubniczky , Ridhi Jain , Lucas C. Cordeiro

In this article, we propose using deep learning and transformer architectures combined with classical machine learning algorithms to detect and identify text anomalies in texts. Deep learning model provides a very crucial context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Amir Jafari

Breaking down the structure of long texts into semantically coherent segments makes the texts more readable and supports downstream applications like summarization and retrieval. Starting from an apparent link between text coherence and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-06 Goran Glavaš , Swapna Somasundaran

State-of-the-art text simplification (TS) systems adopt end-to-end neural network models to directly generate the simplified version of the input text, and usually function as a blackbox. Moreover, TS is usually treated as an all-purpose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Yu Qiao , Xiaofei Li , Daniel Wiechmann , Elma Kerz

When translating phrases (words or group of words), human translators, consciously or not, resort to different translation processes apart from the literal translation, such as Idiom Equivalence, Generalization, Particularization, Semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Yuming Zhai , Pooyan Safari , Gabriel Illouz , Alexandre Allauzen , Anne Vilnat

The task of obfuscating writing style using sequence models has previously been investigated under the framework of obfuscation-by-transfer, where the input text is explicitly rewritten in another style. These approaches also often lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-21 Chris Emmery , Enrique Manjavacas , Grzegorz Chrupała

This paper addresses the task of readability assessment for the texts aimed at second language (L2) learners. One of the major challenges in this task is the lack of significantly sized level-annotated data. For the present work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-19 Menglin Xia , Ekaterina Kochmar , Ted Briscoe

Detecting text generated by large language models (LLMs) is crucial but challenging. Existing detectors depend on impractical assumptions, such as white-box settings, or solely rely on text-level features, leading to imprecise detection…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Xuecong Li , Xiaohong Li , Qiang Hu , Yao Zhang , Junjie Wang

As Machine Learning models continue to be relied upon for making automated decisions, the issue of model bias becomes more and more prevalent. In this paper, we approach training a text classifica-tion model and optimize on bias…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-19 Apik Ashod Zorian , Chandra Shekar Bikkanur

Existing approaches in disfluency detection focus on solving a token-level classification task for identifying and removing disfluencies in text. Moreover, most works focus on leveraging only contextual information captured by the linear…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Sreyan Ghosh , Sonal Kumar , Yaman Kumar Singla , Rajiv Ratn Shah , S. Umesh

Unlocking the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in data classification represents a promising frontier in natural language processing. In this work, we evaluate the performance of different LLMs in comparison with state-of-the-art…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Arina Kostina , Marios D. Dikaiakos , Dimosthenis Stefanidis , George Pallis

Natural Language Processing technology has advanced vastly in the past decade. Text processing has been successfully applied to a wide variety of domains. In this paper, we propose a novel framework, Text Based Classification(TBC), that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Keshav Ramani , Daniel Borrajo

In NLP, models are usually evaluated by reporting single-number performance scores on a number of readily available benchmarks, without much deeper analysis. Here, we argue that - especially given the well-known fact that benchmarks often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Daniel Simig , Tianlu Wang , Verna Dankers , Peter Henderson , Khuyagbaatar Batsuren , Dieuwke Hupkes , Mona Diab

Text structuralization is one of the important fields of natural language processing (NLP) consists of information extraction (IE) and structure formalization. However, current studies of text structuralization suffer from a shortage of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Xuanfan Ni , Piji Li , Huayang Li