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Three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators (TIs) are known to carry 2D Dirac-like topological surface states in which spin-momentum locking prohibits backscattering. When thinned down to a few nanometers, the hybridization between the…
Topological insulators (TIs) represent a new quantum state of matter characterized by robust gapless states inside the insulating bulk gap. The metallic edge states of a two-dimensional (2D) TI, known as quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect, are…
Topological superconductivity is an exotic state of matter that supports Majorana zero-modes, which are surface modes in 3D, edge modes in 2D or localized end states in 1D. In the case of complete localization these Majorana modes obey…
A three-dimensional (3D) topological insulator (TI) is a quantum state of matter with a gapped insulating bulk yet a conducting surface hosting topologically-protected gapless surface states. One of the most distinct electronic transport…
The highly tunable nature of synthetic quantum materials -- both in the solid-state and cold atom contexts -- invites examining which microscopic ingredients aid in the realization of correlated phases of matter such as superconductors.…
The discovery of topological matter has revolutionized the field of condensed matter physics giving rise to many interesting phenomena, and fostering the development of new quantum technologies. In this thesis we study the quantum dynamics…
Topological Insulators (TI) exhibit robust spin-locked dissipationless Fermion transport along the surface states. In the current study, we use \textit{first-principles} calculations to investigate a Topological Phase Transition (TPT) in a…
Surface states of topological insulators (TIs) have been playing the central role in the majority of outstanding investigations in low-dimensional electron systems for more than 10 years. TIs based on high-quality strained HgTe films…
Topological Insulators (TIs) present an interesting materials platform for nanoscale, high frequency devices because they support high mobility, low scattering electronic transport within confined surface states. However, a robust…
Two-dimensional topological insulators (2DTI) have attracted increasing attention during the past few years. New 2DTI with increasing larger spin-orbit coupling (SOC) gaps have been predicted by theoretical calculations and some of them…
As the thickness of a three-dimensional (3D) topological insulator (TI) becomes comparable to the penetration depth of the surface states, quantum tunneling between surfaces turns their gapless Dirac electronic structure into a gapped…
We report the discovery of several classes of novel topological insulators (TIs) with hybrid-order boundary states generated from the first-order TIs with additional crystalline symmetries. Unlike the current studies on hybrid-order TIs…
Topological insulators (TIs) are a new quantum state of matter discovered recently, which are characterized by unconventional bulk topological invariants. Proposals for practical applications of the TIs are mostly based upon their metallic…
The major breakthroughs in the understanding of topological materials over the past decade were all triggered by the discovery of the Z$_2$ topological insulator (TI). In three dimensions (3D), the TI is classified as either "strong" or…
Topological phases, especially topological crystalline insulators (TCIs), have been intensively explored observed experimentally in three-dimensional (3D) materials. However, the two-dimensional (2D) films are explored much less than 3D…
The 2007 discovery of quantized conductance in HgTe quantum wells delivered the field of topological insulators (TIs) its first experimental confirmation. While many three-dimensional TIs have since been identified, HgTe remains the only…
Van der Waals heterostructures have been used to tailor atomic layers into various artificial materials through interactions at heterointerfaces. The interplay between the band gap created by the band folding of the interfacial potential…
For potential applications in spintronics and quantum computing, it is desirable to place a quantum spin Hall insulator [i.e., a 2D topological insulator (TI)] on a substrate while maintaining a large energy gap. Here, we demonstrate a…
Much interest in the superconducting proximity effect in three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators (TIs) has been driven by the potential to induce Majorana bound states at the interface. Most candidate materials for 3D TI, however, are…
Candidate systems for topologically-protected qubits include two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) based on heterostructures exhibiting a strong spin-orbit interaction (SOI) and superconductivity via the proximity effect. For InAs- or…