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As AI agents become more widely deployed, we are likely to see an increasing number of incidents: events involving AI agent use that directly or indirectly cause harm. For example, agents could be prompt-injected to exfiltrate private…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Carson Ezell , Xavier Roberts-Gaal , Alan Chan

Recent advances in large text-conditional diffusion models have revolutionized image generation by enabling users to create realistic, high-quality images from textual prompts, significantly enhancing artistic creation and visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Ali Naseh , Jaechul Roh , Eugene Bagdasarian , Amir Houmansadr

With the growing use of information technology in all life domains, hacking has become more negatively effective than ever before. Also with developing technologies, attacks numbers are growing exponentially every few months and become more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Khloud Al Jallad , Mohamad Aljnidi , Mohammad Said Desouki

Web applications are becoming an essential part of our everyday lives. Many of our activities are dependent on the functionality and security of these applications. As the scale of these applications grows, injection vulnerabilities such as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2010-09-21 Raymond Mui , Phyllis Frankl

Modern web browsers have effectively become the new operating system for business applications, yet their security posture is often under-scrutinized. This paper presents a novel, comprehensive Browser Security Posture Analysis…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Avihay Cohen

Textual adversarial attacks expose the vulnerabilities of text classifiers and can be used to improve their robustness. Existing context-aware methods solely consider the gold label probability and use the greedy search when searching an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Huijun Liu , Jie Yu , Shasha Li , Jun Ma , Bin Ji

Judging an action's safety requires knowledge of the context in which the action takes place. To human agents who act in various contexts, this may seem obvious: performing an action such as email deletion may or may not be appropriate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Lillian Tsai , Eugene Bagdasarian

Due to the fourth industrial revolution, and the resulting increase in interconnectivity, industrial networks are more and more opened to publicly available networks. Apart from the huge benefit in manageability and flexibility, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Simon Duque Anton , Daniel Fraunholz , Stephan Teuber , Hans Dieter Schotten

Web agents, powered by large language models (LLMs), are increasingly deployed to automate complex web interactions. The rise of open-source frameworks (e.g., Browser Use, Skyvern-AI) has accelerated adoption, but also broadened the attack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Xinyi Wu , Geng Hong , Yueyue Chen , MingXuan Liu , Feier Jin , Xudong Pan , Jiarun Dai , Baojun Liu

Intrusion Detection is one of major threats for organization. The approach of intrusion detection using text processing has been one of research interests which is gaining significant importance from researchers. In text mining based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-03-15 Gunupudi RajeshKumar , N Mangathayaru , G Narsimha

Prompt injection attacks, where malicious input is designed to manipulate AI systems into ignoring their original instructions and following unauthorized commands instead, were first discovered by Preamble, Inc. in May 2022 and responsibly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Jeremy McHugh , Kristina Šekrst , Jon Cefalu

Existing AI-generated text detection methods heavily depend on large annotated datasets and external threshold tuning, restricting interpretability, adaptability, and zero-shot effectiveness. To address these limitations, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Jiatao Li , Mao Ye , Cheng Peng , Xunjian Yin , Xiaojun Wan

Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is one of the security measures being used as an additional defence mechanism to prevent the security breaches on web. It has been well known methodology for detecting network-based attacks but still…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Nancy Agarwal , Syed Zeeshan Hussain

Black-box adversarial attacks have demonstrated strong potential to compromise machine learning models by iteratively querying the target model or leveraging transferability from a local surrogate model. Recently, such attacks can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Hanbin Hong , Xinyu Zhang , Binghui Wang , Zhongjie Ba , Yuan Hong

Language models remain vulnerable to prompt injection attacks despite extensive safety training. We trace this failure to role confusion: models infer the source of text based on how it sounds, not where it actually comes from. A command…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Charles Ye , Jasmine Cui , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

Many tools and libraries are readily available to build and operate distributed Web applications. While the setup of operational environments is comparatively easy, practice shows that their continuous secure operation is more difficult to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-07-13 Matteo Maria Casalino , Michele Mangili , Henrik Plate , Serena Elisa Ponta

Cybersecurity education is considered an important part of undergraduate computing curricula, but many institutions teach it only in dedicated courses or tracks. This optionality risks students graduating with limited exposure to secure…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Lwin Khin Shar , Christopher M. Poskitt , Kyong Jin Shim , Li Ying Leonard Wong

In this study, we present an innovative technique for speaker adaptation in order to improve the accuracy of segmentation with application to unit-selection Text-To-Speech (TTS) systems. Unlike conventional techniques for speaker…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-01 Claudio Zito , Fabio Tesser , Mauro Nicolao , Piero Cosi

Multi-targeted adversarial attacks aim to mislead classifiers toward specific target classes using a single perturbation generator with a conditional input specifying the desired target class. Existing methods face two key limitations: (1)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Taïga Gonçalves , Tomo Miyazaki , Shinichiro Omachi

Text understanding often suffers from domain shifts. To handle testing domains, domain adaptation (DA) is trained to adapt to a fixed and observed testing domain; a more challenging paradigm, test-time adaptation (TTA), cannot access the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Tianlun Liu , Zhiliang Tian , Zhen Huang , Xingzhi Zhou , Wanlong Yu , Tianle Liu , Feng Liu , Dongsheng Li