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Human communication often relies on visual cues to resolve ambiguity. While humans can intuitively integrate these cues, AI systems often find it challenging to engage in sophisticated multimodal reasoning. We introduce VAGUE, a benchmark…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Heejeong Nam , Jinwoo Ahn , Keummin Ka , Jiwan Chung , Youngjae Yu

Learning general representations of text is a fundamental problem for many natural language understanding (NLU) tasks. Previously, researchers have proposed to use language model pre-training and multi-task learning to learn robust…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-29 Zi-Yi Dou , Keyi Yu , Antonios Anastasopoulos

Humans possess multimodal literacy, allowing them to actively integrate information from various modalities to form reasoning. Faced with challenges like lexical ambiguity in text, we supplement this with other modalities, such as thumbnail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Jiwan Chung , Seungwon Lim , Jaehyun Jeon , Seungbeen Lee , Youngjae Yu

Multimodal Large Language Models have shown promising capabilities in bridging visual and textual reasoning, yet their reasoning capabilities in Open-Vocabulary Human-Object Interaction (OV-HOI) are limited by cross-modal hallucinations and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Zhenlong Yuan , Yue Wang , Dapeng Zhang , Kejin Cui , Rui Chen , Jing Tang , Lei Sun , Hongwei Yu , Chengxuan Qian , Xiangxiang Chu , Shuo Li , Yuyin Zhou

The remarkable understanding and generation capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have greatly improved translation performance. However, incorrect understanding of the sentence to be translated can degrade translation quality. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Andong Chen , Kehai Chen , Yang Xiang , Xuefeng Bai , Muyun Yang , Yang Feng , Tiejun Zhao , Min zhang

In recent years, learning-based underwater image enhancement (UIE) techniques have rapidly evolved. However, distribution shifts between high-quality enhanced outputs and natural images can hinder semantic cue extraction for downstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Guodong Fan , Shengning Zhou , Genji Yuan , Huiyu Li , Jingchun Zhou , Jinjiang Li

Image captioning involves generating textual descriptions from input images, bridging the gap between computer vision and natural language processing. Recent advancements in transformer-based models have significantly improved caption…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Israa A. Albadarneh , Bassam H. Hammo , Omar S. Al-Kadi

Developmental machine learning studies how artificial agents can model the way children learn open-ended repertoires of skills. Such agents need to create and represent goals, select which ones to pursue and learn to achieve them. Recent…

For the complex human brain that enables us to communicate in natural language, we gathered good understandings of principles underlying language acquisition and processing, knowledge about socio-cultural conditions, and insights about…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-08 Stefan Heinrich , Stefan Wermter

The rapid development of generative AI has transformed content creation, communication, and human development. However, this technology raises profound concerns in high-stakes domains, demanding rigorous methods to analyze and evaluate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Yiming Tang , Arash Lagzian , Srinivas Anumasa , Qiran Zou , Yingtao Zhu , Ye Zhang , Trang Nguyen , Yih-Chung Tham , Ehsan Adeli , Ching-Yu Cheng , Yilun Du , Dianbo Liu

The advent of natural language understanding (NLU) benchmarks for English, such as GLUE and SuperGLUE allows new NLU models to be evaluated across a diverse set of tasks. These comprehensive benchmarks have facilitated a broad range of…

Image quality assessment (IQA) and image restoration are fundamental problems in low-level vision. Although IQA and restoration are closely connected conceptually, most existing work treats them in isolation. Recent advances in unified…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Weiqi Li , Xuanyu Zhang , Bin Chen , Jingfen Xie , Yan Wang , Kexin Zhang , Junlin Li , Li Zhang , Jian Zhang , Shijie Zhao

It is easy for people to imagine what a man with pink hair looks like, even if they have never seen such a person before. We call the ability to create images of novel semantic concepts visually grounded imagination. In this paper, we show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-12 Ramakrishna Vedantam , Ian Fischer , Jonathan Huang , Kevin Murphy

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in various natural language understanding tasks. With only a few demonstration examples, these LLMs can quickly adapt to target tasks without expensive gradient updates. Common…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Yue Yu , Jiaming Shen , Tianqi Liu , Zhen Qin , Jing Nathan Yan , Jialu Liu , Chao Zhang , Michael Bendersky

We address the challenging problem of Natural Language Comprehension beyond plain-text documents by introducing the TILT neural network architecture which simultaneously learns layout information, visual features, and textual semantics.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Rafał Powalski , Łukasz Borchmann , Dawid Jurkiewicz , Tomasz Dwojak , Michał Pietruszka , Gabriela Pałka

Multimodal Large Language Models have advanced AI in applications like text-to-video generation and visual question answering. These models rely on visual encoders to convert non-text data into vectors, but current encoders either lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Junjie Li , Jianghong Ma , Xiaofeng Zhang , Yuhang Li , Jianyang Shi

The growing realism of AI-generated images produced by recent GAN and diffusion models has intensified concerns over the reliability of visual media. Yet, despite notable progress in deepfake detection, current forensic systems degrade…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Anshul Bagaria

Natural language provides a widely accessible and expressive interface for robotic agents. To understand language in complex environments, agents must reason about the full range of language inputs and their correspondence to the world.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Stephanie Zhou , Alane Suhr , Yoav Artzi

Human intelligence has the remarkable ability to quickly adapt to new tasks and environments. Starting from a very young age, humans acquire new skills and learn how to solve new tasks either by imitating the behavior of others or by…

Vision-and-language pre-training has achieved impressive success in learning multimodal representations between vision and language. To generalize this success to non-English languages, we introduce UC2, the first machine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Mingyang Zhou , Luowei Zhou , Shuohang Wang , Yu Cheng , Linjie Li , Zhou Yu , Jingjing Liu