English
Related papers

Related papers: AB/BA analysis: A framework for estimating keyword…

200 papers

A keyword spotting (KWS) engine that is continuously running on device is exposed to various speech signals that are usually unseen before. It is a challenging problem to build a small-footprint and high-performing KWS model with robustness…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Zhenyu Wang , Li Wan , Biqiao Zhang , Yiteng Huang , Shang-Wen Li , Ming Sun , Xin Lei , Zhaojun Yang

A keyword spotting (KWS) system determines the existence of, usually predefined, keyword in a continuous speech stream. This paper presents a query-by-example on-device KWS system which is user-specific. The proposed system consists of two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Byeonggeun Kim , Mingu Lee , Jinkyu Lee , Yeonseok Kim , Kyuwoong Hwang

The keyword spotting (KWS) problem requires large amounts of real speech training data to achieve high accuracy across diverse populations. Utilizing large amounts of text-to-speech (TTS) synthesized data can reduce the cost and time…

Keyword spotting (KWS) is becoming a ubiquitous need with the advancement in artificial intelligence and smart devices. Recent work in this field have focused on several different architectures to achieve good results on datasets with low…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-17 Anwesh Mohanty , Adrian Frischknecht , Christoph Gerum , Oliver Bringmann

Open vocabulary keyword spotting is a crucial and challenging task in automatic speech recognition (ASR) that focuses on detecting user-defined keywords within a spoken utterance. Keyword spotting methods commonly map the audio utterance…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-18 Aviv Navon , Aviv Shamsian , Neta Glazer , Gill Hetz , Joseph Keshet

Custom keyword spotting (KWS) allows detecting user-defined spoken keywords from streaming audio. This is achieved by comparing the embeddings from voice enrollments and input audio. State-of-the-art custom KWS models are typically trained…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-06 Pai Zhu , Quan Wang , Dhruuv Agarwal , Kurt Partridge

The performance of the keyword spotting (KWS) system based on audio modality, commonly measured in false alarms and false rejects, degrades significantly under the far field and noisy conditions. Therefore, audio-visual keyword spotting,…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Ao Zhang , He Wang , Pengcheng Guo , Yihui Fu , Lei Xie , Yingying Gao , Shilei Zhang , Junlan Feng

Open-vocabulary keyword spotting (OV-KWS) enables personalized device control via arbitrary voice commands. Recently, researchers have explored using audio-text joint embeddings, allowing users to enroll phrases with text, and proposed…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Yi Liu , Chuan-Che Huang , Xiao Quan

Keyword Spotting (KWS) enables speech-based user interaction on smart devices. Always-on and battery-powered application scenarios for smart devices put constraints on hardware resources and power consumption, while also demanding high…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-05 Simon Mittermaier , Ludwig Kürzinger , Bernd Waschneck , Gerhard Rigoll

Spoken keyword spotting (KWS) is the task of identifying a keyword in an audio stream and is widely used in smart devices at the edge in order to activate voice assistants and perform hands-free tasks. The task is daunting as there is a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Mahmoud Salhab , Haidar Harmanani

Keyword spotting systems continuously process audio streams to detect keywords. One of the most challenging tasks in designing such systems is to reduce False Alarm (FA) which happens when the system falsely registers a keyword despite the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-10 Yashas Malur Saidutta , Rakshith Sharma Srinivasa , Ching-Hua Lee , Chouchang Yang , Yilin Shen , Hongxia Jin

Robustness against noise is critical for keyword spotting (KWS) in real-world environments. To improve the robustness, a speech enhancement front-end is involved. Instead of treating the speech enhancement as a separated preprocessing…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Yue Gu , Zhihao Du , Hui Zhang , Xueliang Zhang

Open-vocabulary keyword spotting (KWS) refers to the task of detecting words or terms within speech recordings, regardless of whether they were included in the training data. This paper introduces an open-vocabulary keyword spotting model…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-08 Yael Segal-Feldman , Ann R. Bradlow , Matthew Goldrick , Joseph Keshet

Keyword spotting (KWS) identifies words for voice assistants, but environmental noise frequently reduces accuracy. Standard adaptation fixes this issue and strictly requires original or labeled audio. Test time adaptation (TTA) solves this…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-09 Hanyu Ding , Yang Xiao , Jiaheng Dong , Ting Dang

The recognition of rare named entities, such as personal names and terminologies, is challenging for automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, especially when they are not frequently observed in the training data. In this paper, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yuang Li , Min Zhang , Chang Su , Yinglu Li , Xiaosong Qiao , Mengxin Ren , Miaomiao Ma , Daimeng Wei , Shimin Tao , Hao Yang

Keyword spotting (KWS) is one of the speech recognition tasks most sensitive to the quality of the feature representation. However, the research on KWS has traditionally focused on new model topologies, putting little emphasis on other…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-08 Douglas Baptista de Souza , Khaled Jamal Bakri , Fernanda Ferreira , Juliana Inacio

In this paper, we propose an attention-based end-to-end neural approach for small-footprint keyword spotting (KWS), which aims to simplify the pipelines of building a production-quality KWS system. Our model consists of an encoder and an…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-03-30 Changhao Shan , Junbo Zhang , Yujun Wang , Lei Xie

This paper introduces the system submitted by the Yidun NISP team to the video keyword wakeup challenge. We propose a mandarin keyword spotting system (KWS) with several novel and effective improvements, including a big backbone (B) model,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Yuting Yang , Binbin Du , Yingxin Zhang , Wenxuan Wang , Yuke Li

Keyword spotting (KWS) is an important technique for speech applications, which enables users to activate devices by speaking a keyword phrase. Although a phoneme classifier can be used for KWS, exploiting a large amount of transcribed data…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-23 Takuya Higuchi , Anmol Gupta , Chandra Dhir

User-defined keyword spotting (KWS) is crucial for personalized voice interaction, yet existing methods face several challenges: (1) insufficient discriminability among confusable words, (2) performance inconsistency across speakers with…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-22 Zhiqi Ai , Han Cheng , Shiyi Mu , Xinnuo Li , Yongjin Zhou , Shugong Xu