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We consider evolution algebras and their related substructures: evolution ideals and evolution subalgebras. After exposing some of the concepts related to them in the literature, we explore the order structures that arise in the sets of…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-05-06 Alejandro González Nevado

We provide a clarification of the classification of two-dimensional algebras over an arbitrary base field. Using this clarification, we determine the number of non-isomorphic two-dimensional algebras over a finite field.

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-05-26 U. Bekbaev

All subalgebras, idempotents, left(right) ideals and left quasi-units of two-dimensional algebras are described. Classification of algebras with given number of subalgebras, left(right) ideals are provided. In particular, a list of…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2019-10-11 H. Ahmed , U. Bekbaev , I. Rakhimov

This short note provides positive answers to two conjectures of Camacho, Khudoyberdiyev, and Omirov on the classification of complete evolution algebras. Our approach is based on analysing the solution set of a generic non-linear polynomial…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Xabier García-Martínez , Andrés Pérez-Rodríguez

Associative algebras with involution over a field of zero characteristic are considered. It is proved that in this case for any finitely generated associative algebra with involution there exists a finite dimensional algebra with involution…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2013-02-13 Irina Sviridova

We consider an evolution algebra which corresponds to a bisexual population with a set of females partitioned into finitely many different types and the males having only one type. We study basic properties of the algebra. This algebra is…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2013-07-19 M. Ladra , U. A. Rozikov

The paper presents a classification of quadratic extension algebras, also known as algebras of degree 2, as well as several characterizations of quaternion algebras over a field (of characteristic not 2). The presentation is not restricted…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2016-09-27 France Dacar

The work is devoted to the variety of $2$-dimensional algebras over an algebraically closed field. Firstly, we classify such algebras modulo isomorphism. Then we describe the degenerations and the closures of principal algebra series in the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2020-04-03 Ivan Kaygorodov , Yury Volkov

In this article we study algebraic structures of function spaces defined by graphs and state spaces equipped with Gibbs measures by associating evolution algebras. We give a constructive description of associating evolution algebras to the…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2009-03-11 Utkir A. Rozikov , Jianjun Paul Tian

It is well-known that the space of derivations of $n$-dimensional evolution algebras with non-singular matrices is zero. On the other hand, the space of derivations of evolution algebras with matrices of rank $n-1$ has also been completely…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-11-06 Paula Cadavid , Mary Luz Rodiño Montoya , Pablo M. Rodriguez

A complete classifications of two-dimensional general, commutative, commutative Jordan, division and evolution real algebras are given. In the case of evolution algebras their groups of automorphisms and derivation algebras are described as…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-12-04 U. Bekbaev

We classify three dimensional evolution algebras over a field having characteristic different from 2 and in which there are roots of orders 2, 3 and 7.

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-02-08 Yolanda Cabrera Casado , Mercedes Siles Molina , M. Victoria Velasco

In the present paper we describe absolute nilpotent and some idempotent elements of an n- dimensional evolution algebra corresponding to two permutations and we decompose such algebras to the direct sum of evolution algebras corresponding…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2020-05-13 B. A. Narkuziyev

A finite-dimensional unital and associative algebra over $\mathbb{R}$, or what we shall call simply "an algebra" in this paper for short, generalities the construction by which we derive the complex numbers by "adjoining an element $i$" to…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-08-04 Nathan BeDell

Evolution algebras are non-associative algebras inspired from biological phenomena, with applications to or connections with different mathematical fields. There are two natural ways to define an evolution algebra associated to a given…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2019-01-01 Paula Cadavid , Mary Luz Rodiño Montoya , Pablo M. Rodríguez

We classify (possibly non commutative) algebras of low rank over a domain R. We first review results for algebras of rank 2 and for finite-dimensional division algebras over the real numbers. These results motivate us to consider which…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2013-12-24 Alex S. E. Levin

A digraph is attached to any evolution algebra. This graph leads to some new purely algebraic results on this class of algebras and allows for some new natural proofs of known results. Nilpotency of an evolution algebra will be proved to be…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2013-12-18 Alberto Elduque , Alicia Labra

In this article, we introduce a relation including ideals of an evolution algebra and hereditary subsets of vertices of its associated graph and establish some properties among them. This relation allows us to determine maximal ideals and…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-03-30 Yolanda Cabrera Casado , Dolores Martín Barquero , Cándido Martín González , Alicia Tocino

We describe absolute nilpotent and some idempotent elements of an $n$- dimensional evolution algebra corresponding to two permutations and we decompose such algebras to the direct sum of evolution algebras corresponding to cycles of the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2020-05-11 B. A. Narkuziyev

The irreducible alternative superbimodules are studied. The complete classification is obtained for even bimodules of arbitrary dimension and for finite-dimensional irreducible superbimodules over an algebraically closed field.

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2014-01-14 Ivan Shestakov , Maria Trushina