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Conversational recommendation systems (CRSs) use multi-turn interaction to capture user preferences and provide personalized recommendations. A fundamental challenge in CRSs lies in effectively understanding user preferences from…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Xiaolei Wang , Chunxuan Xia , Junyi Li , Fanzhe Meng , Lei Huang , Jinpeng Wang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

Search and recommender systems that take the initiative to ask clarifying questions to better understand users' information needs are receiving increasing attention from the research community. However, to the best of our knowledge, there…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Jie Zou , Evangelos Kanoulas , Yiqun Liu

Conversational information seeking (CIS) systems aim to model the user's information need within the conversational context and retrieve the relevant information. One major approach to modeling the conversational context aims to rewrite the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Zahra Abbasiantaeb , Simon Lupart , Mohammad Aliannejadi

We present an extensible user simulation toolkit to facilitate automatic evaluation of conversational recommender systems. It builds on an established agenda-based approach and extends it with several novel elements, including user…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Jafar Afzali , Aleksander Mark Drzewiecki , Krisztian Balog , Shuo Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a popular interface for human-AI interaction, supporting information seeking and task assistance through natural, multi-turn dialogue. To respond to users within multi-turn dialogues, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Fengran Mo , Yifan Gao , Sha Li , Hansi Zeng , Xin Liu , Zhaoxuan Tan , Xian Li , Jianshu Chen , Dakuo Wang , Meng Jiang

Information-seeking dialogues span a wide range of questions, from simple factoid to complex queries that require exploring multiple facets and viewpoints. When performing exploratory searches in unfamiliar domains, users may lack…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Weronika Łajewska , Krisztian Balog , Damiano Spina , Johanne Trippas

User-machine interaction is crucial for information retrieval, especially for spoken content retrieval, because spoken content is difficult to browse, and speech recognition has a high degree of uncertainty. In interactive retrieval, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Pei-Hung Chung , Kuan Tung , Ching-Lun Tai , Hung-Yi Lee

Conversational search applications offer the prospect of improved user experience in information seeking via agent support. However, it is not clear how searchers will respond to this mode of engagement, in comparison to a conventional…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Abhishek Kaushik , Gareth J. F. Jones

Query understanding in Conversational Information Seeking (CIS) involves accurately interpreting user intent through context-aware interactions. This includes resolving ambiguities, refining queries, and adapting to evolving information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Yifei Yuan , Zahra Abbasiantaeb , Yang Deng , Mohammad Aliannejadi

Search clarification has recently attracted much attention due to its applications in search engines. It has also been recognized as a major component in conversational information seeking systems. Despite its importance, the research…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-06-19 Hamed Zamani , Gord Lueck , Everest Chen , Rodolfo Quispe , Flint Luu , Nick Craswell

Clarifying questions are an integral component of modern information retrieval systems, directly impacting user satisfaction and overall system performance. Poorly formulated questions can lead to user frustration and confusion, negatively…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Hossein A. Rahmani , Xi Wang , Mohammad Aliannejadi , Mohammadmehdi Naghiaei , Emine Yilmaz

The increasing reliance on digital information necessitates advancements in conversational search systems, particularly in terms of information transparency. While prior research in conversational information-seeking has concentrated on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Weronika Łajewska , Damiano Spina , Johanne Trippas , Krisztian Balog

Evaluation is crucial in the development process of task-oriented dialogue systems. As an evaluation method, user simulation allows us to tackle issues such as scalability and cost-efficiency, making it a viable choice for large-scale…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Weiwei Sun , Shuo Zhang , Krisztian Balog , Zhaochun Ren , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Maarten de Rijke

Question answering (QA) systems provide a way of querying the information available in various formats including, but not limited to, unstructured and structured data in natural languages. It constitutes a considerable part of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Munazza Zaib , Wei Emma Zhang , Quan Z. Sheng , Adnan Mahmood , Yang Zhang

Voice-based systems like Amazon Alexa, Google Assistant, and Apple Siri, along with the growing popularity of OpenAI's ChatGPT and Microsoft's Copilot, serve diverse populations, including visually impaired and low-literacy communities.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Sachin Pathiyan Cherumanal , Falk Scholer , Johanne R. Trippas , Damiano Spina

Search-Oriented Conversational AI (SCAI) is an established venue that regularly puts a spotlight upon the recent work advancing the field of conversational search. SCAI'21 was organised as an independent on-line event and featured a shared…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Svitlana Vakulenko , Johannes Kiesel , Maik Fröbe

This document presents a detailed description of the challenge on clarifying questions for dialogue systems (ClariQ). The challenge is organized as part of the Conversational AI challenge series (ConvAI3) at Search Oriented Conversational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Mohammad Aliannejadi , Julia Kiseleva , Aleksandr Chuklin , Jeff Dalton , Mikhail Burtsev

While previous conversational information-seeking (CIS) research has focused on passage retrieval, reranking, and query rewriting, the challenge of synthesizing retrieved information into coherent responses remains. The proposed research…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Weronika Łajewska

A long-standing challenge for search and conversational assistants is query intention detection in ambiguous queries. Asking clarifying questions in conversational search has been widely studied and considered an effective solution to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Zhenduo Wang , Yuancheng Tu , Corby Rosset , Nick Craswell , Ming Wu , Qingyao Ai

In this paper, we study the task of selecting the optimal response given a user and system utterance history in retrieval-based multi-turn dialog systems. Recently, pre-trained language models (e.g., BERT, RoBERTa, and ELECTRA) showed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Taesun Whang , Dongyub Lee , Dongsuk Oh , Chanhee Lee , Kijong Han , Dong-hun Lee , Saebyeok Lee