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We propose the autofocus convolutional layer for semantic segmentation with the objective of enhancing the capabilities of neural networks for multi-scale processing. Autofocus layers adaptively change the size of the effective receptive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-12 Yao Qin , Konstantinos Kamnitsas , Siddharth Ancha , Jay Nanavati , Garrison Cottrell , Antonio Criminisi , Aditya Nori

Transformers have made remarkable progress towards modeling long-range dependencies within the medical image analysis domain. However, current transformer-based models suffer from several disadvantages: (1) existing methods fail to capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Chenyu You , Ruihan Zhao , Fenglin Liu , Siyuan Dong , Sandeep Chinchali , Ufuk Topcu , Lawrence Staib , James S. Duncan

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been the de facto standard in a diverse set of computer vision tasks for many years. Especially, deep neural networks based on seminal architectures such as U-shaped models with skip-connections or…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-02 Reza Azad , Moein Heidari , Moein Shariatnia , Ehsan Khodapanah Aghdam , Sanaz Karimijafarbigloo , Ehsan Adeli , Dorit Merhof

Even though convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are driving progress in medical image segmentation, standard models still have some drawbacks. First, the use of multi-scale approaches, i.e., encoder-decoder architectures, leads to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Ashish Sinha , Jose Dolz

Most approaches for semantic segmentation use only information from color cameras to parse the scenes, yet recent advancements show that using depth data allows to further improve performances. In this work, we focus on transformer-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Francesco Barbato , Giulia Rizzoli , Pietro Zanuttigh

Despite the recent success of deep learning methods at achieving new state-of-the-art accuracy for medical image segmentation, some major limitations are still restricting their deployment into clinics. One major limitation of deep…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-30 Lucas Fidon

Research in the field of Continual Semantic Segmentation is mainly investigating novel learning algorithms to overcome catastrophic forgetting of neural networks. Most recent publications have focused on improving learning algorithms…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Tobias Kalb , Niket Ahuja , Jingxing Zhou , Jürgen Beyerer

Traditional brain lesion segmentation models for multi-modal MRI are typically tailored to specific pathologies, relying on datasets with predefined modalities. Adapting to new MRI modalities or pathologies often requires training separate…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-25 Yousef Sadegheih , Pratibha Kumari , Dorit Merhof

Biomedical image segmentation is crucial for accurately diagnosing and analyzing various diseases. However, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformers, the most commonly used architectures for this task, struggle to effectively…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-09 Rong Zhou , Zhengqing Yuan , Zhiling Yan , Weixiang Sun , Kai Zhang , Yiwei Li , Yanfang Ye , Xiang Li , Lifang He , Lichao Sun

Federated learning is an emerging research paradigm enabling collaborative training of machine learning models among different organizations while keeping data private at each institution. Despite recent progress, there remain fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Liangqiong Qu , Yuyin Zhou , Paul Pu Liang , Yingda Xia , Feifei Wang , Ehsan Adeli , Li Fei-Fei , Daniel Rubin

The Transformer structures have been widely used in computer vision and have recently made an impact in the area of medical image registration. However, the use of Transformer in most registration networks is straightforward. These networks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Haiqiao Wang , Dong Ni , Yi Wang

Medical image distributions shift constantly due to changes in patient population and discrepancies in image acquisition. These distribution changes result in performance deterioration; deterioration that continual learning aims to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-01 Nick Lemke , Camila González , Anirban Mukhopadhyay , Martin Mundt

In the last decade, convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) have dominated and achieved state-of-the-art performances in a variety of medical imaging applications. However, the performances of ConvNets are still limited by lacking the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-15 Junyu Chen , Yufan He , Eric C. Frey , Ye Li , Yong Du

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have achieved comparable or superior performance than Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in computer vision. This empirical breakthrough is even more remarkable since, in contrast to CNNs, ViTs do not embed any…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Samy Jelassi , Michael E. Sander , Yuanzhi Li

Lesion segmentation in medical imaging has been an important topic in clinical research. Researchers have proposed various detection and segmentation algorithms to address this task. Recently, deep learning-based approaches have…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-16 Dong Yang , Andriy Myronenko , Xiaosong Wang , Ziyue Xu , Holger R. Roth , Daguang Xu

Continual learning in medical image segmentation involves sequential data acquisition across diverse domains (e.g., clinical sites), where task interference between past and current domains often leads to catastrophic forgetting. Existing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Yuxin Ye , Yan Liu , Shujian Yu

Understanding the morphological structure of medical images and precisely segmenting the region of interest or abnormality is an important task that can assist in diagnosis. However, the unique properties of medical imaging make clear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Sungmin Kang , Jaeha Song , Jihie Kim

Over the past years, semantic segmentation, as many other tasks in computer vision, benefited from the progress in deep neural networks, resulting in significantly improved performance. However, deep architectures trained with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Guanglei Yang , Enrico Fini , Dan Xu , Paolo Rota , Mingli Ding , Hao Tang , Xavier Alameda-Pineda , Elisa Ricci

Deep learning, especially convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformer architectures, have become the focus of extensive research in medical image segmentation, achieving impressive results. However, CNNs come with inductive biases…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-20 Xiao Liu , Peng Gao , Tao Yu , Fei Wang , Ru-Yue Yuan

Medical image segmentation is pivotal in healthcare, enhancing diagnostic accuracy, informing treatment strategies, and tracking disease progression. This process allows clinicians to extract critical information from visual data, enabling…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-31 Ovais Iqbal Shah , Danish Raza Rizvi , Aqib Nazir Mir