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Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is an orthopedic emergency, caused by elevated pressure within a muscle compartment, that leads to permanent tissue damage and eventually death. Diagnosis of ACS relies heavily on patient-reported symptoms,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Zaina Abu Hweij , Florence Liang , Sophie Zhang

Anomaly detection in medical imaging is a challenging task in contexts where abnormalities are not annotated. This problem can be addressed through unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) methods, which identify features that do not match with…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-07 Geoffroy Oudoumanessah , Carole Lartizien , Michel Dojat , Florence Forbes

In this study, a new Anomaly Detection (AD) approach for industrial and medical images is proposed. This method leverages the theoretical strengths of unsupervised learning and the data availability of both normal and abnormal classes.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Arnaud Bougaham , Valentin Delchevalerie , Mohammed El Adoui , Benoît Frénay

Recently anomaly detection has drawn much attention in diagnosing ocular diseases. Most existing anomaly detection research in fundus images has relatively large anomaly scores in the salient retinal structures, such as blood vessels,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Jingqi Niu , Shiwen Dong , Qinji Yu , Kang Dang , Xiaowei Ding

Consistency learning is a central strategy to tackle unlabeled data in semi-supervised medical image segmentation (SSMIS), which enforces the model to produce consistent predictions under the perturbation. However, most current approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Hanyang Chi , Jian Pang , Bingfeng Zhang , Weifeng Liu

Large Deep Learning models are compressed and deployed for specific applications. However, current Deep Learning model compression methods do not utilize the information about the target application. As a result, the compressed models are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Rohit Raj Rai , Angana Borah , Amit Awekar

Deep unsupervised representation learning has recently led to new approaches in the field of Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) in brain MRI. The main principle behind these works is to learn a model of normal anatomy by learning to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-09 Christoph Baur , Stefan Denner , Benedikt Wiestler , Shadi Albarqouni , Nassir Navab

This paper presents MIAS-SAM, a novel approach for the segmentation of anomalous regions in medical images. MIAS-SAM uses a patch-based memory bank to store relevant image features, which are extracted from normal data using the SAM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Marco Colussi , Dragan Ahmetovic , Sergio Mascetti

Supervised deep learning techniques show promise in medical image analysis. However, they require comprehensive annotated data sets, which poses challenges, particularly for rare diseases. Consequently, unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD)…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-22 Finn Behrendt , Debayan Bhattacharya , Lennart Maack , Julia Krüger , Roland Opfer , Robin Mieling , Alexander Schlaefer

The application of supervised models to clinical screening tasks is challenging due to the need for annotated data for each considered pathology. Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) is an alternative approach that aims to identify any…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-24 Finn Behrendt , Debayan Bhattacharya , Robin Mieling , Lennart Maack , Julia Krüger , Roland Opfer , Alexander Schlaefer

Automatic detecting anomalous regions in images of objects or textures without priors of the anomalies is challenging, especially when the anomalies appear in very small areas of the images, making difficult-to-detect visual variations,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Jie Yang , Yong Shi , Zhiquan Qi

Medical vision foundation models remain limited in downstream tasks, particularly volumetric medical image segmentation. While fine-tuning on labeled target-domain data improves performance, existing approaches typically rely on randomly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-07 Jin Yang , Daniel S. Marcus , Aristeidis Sotiras

In image anomaly detection, Autoencoders are the popular methods that reconstruct the input image that might contain anomalies and output a clean image with no abnormalities. These Autoencoder-based methods usually calculate the anomaly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-24 Masaki Nakanishi , Kazuki Sato , Hideo Terada

We present a system for anomaly detection in histopathological images. In histology, normal samples are usually abundant, whereas anomalous (pathological) cases are scarce or not available. Under such settings, one-class classifiers trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Igor Zingman , Birgit Stierstorfer , Charlotte Lempp , Fabian Heinemann

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) aims to detect anomalies without labeled data, a necessity in many machine learning applications where anomalous samples are rare or not available. Most state-of-the-art methods fall into two categories:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Nicolas Pinon , Carole Lartizien

Anomaly detection in medical imaging plays a crucial role in identifying pathological regions across various imaging modalities, such as brain MRI, liver CT, and carotid ultrasound (US). However, training fully supervised segmentation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-29 Yuan Bi , Lucie Huang , Ricarda Clarenbach , Reza Ghotbi , Angelos Karlas , Nassir Navab , Zhongliang Jiang

We aim at constructing a high performance model for defect detection that detects unknown anomalous patterns of an image without anomalous data. To this end, we propose a two-stage framework for building anomaly detectors using normal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Chun-Liang Li , Kihyuk Sohn , Jinsung Yoon , Tomas Pfister

Anomaly detection is the problem of recognizing abnormal inputs based on the seen examples of normal data. Despite recent advances of deep learning in recognizing image anomalies, these methods still prove incapable of handling complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Nina Shvetsova , Bart Bakker , Irina Fedulova , Heinrich Schulz , Dmitry V. Dylov

Convolutional Neural Network models have successfully detected retinal illness from optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fundus images. These CNN models frequently rely on vast amounts of labeled data for training, difficult to obtain,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Sourya Dipta Das , Saikat Dutta , Nisarg A. Shah , Dwarikanath Mahapatra , Zongyuan Ge

Crystalline defects critically influence material properties, necessitating accurate simulation methods. Existing approaches, from atomic-scale configurations to continuum elasticity, face inherent limitations in modeling…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-09 Xinyi Wei , Yangshuai Wang , Kai Jiang , Lei Zhang