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Active automata learning infers automaton models of systems from behavioral observations, a technique successfully applied to a wide range of domains. Compositional approaches have recently emerged to address scalability to concurrent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Leo Henry , Thomas Neele , Mohammad Reza Mousavi , Matteo Sammartino

Compositional spatio-temporal reasoning poses a significant challenge in the field of video question answering (VideoQA). Existing approaches struggle to establish effective symbolic reasoning structures, which are crucial for answering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Lili Liang , Guanglu Sun , Jin Qiu , Lizhong Zhang

Complex query answering (CQA) on knowledge graphs (KGs) is gaining momentum as a challenging reasoning task. In this paper, we show that the current benchmarks for CQA might not be as complex as we think, as the way they are built distorts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Cosimo Gregucci , Bo Xiong , Daniel Hernandez , Lorenzo Loconte , Pasquale Minervini , Steffen Staab , Antonio Vergari

The recent proliferation of richly structured probabilistic models raises the question of how to automatically determine an appropriate model for a dataset. We investigate this question for a space of matrix decomposition models which can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-10-19 Roger Grosse , Ruslan R Salakhutdinov , William T. Freeman , Joshua B. Tenenbaum

Grounded language models use external sources of information, such as knowledge graphs, to meet some of the general challenges associated with pre-training. By extending previous work on compositional generalization in semantic parsing, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Sondre Wold , Étienne Simon , Lucas Georges Gabriel Charpentier , Egor V. Kostylev , Erik Velldal , Lilja Øvrelid

In order to achieve a general visual question answering (VQA) system, it is essential to learn to answer deeper questions that require compositional reasoning on the image and external knowledge. Meanwhile, the reasoning process should be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Zihao Zhu

Recent work on music question answering (Music-QA) has primarily focused on single-track understanding, where models answer questions about an individual audio clip using its tags, captions, or metadata. However, listeners often describe…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Junyoung Koh , Jaeyun Lee , Soo Yong Kim , Gyu Hyeong Choi , Jung In Koh , Jordan Phillips , Yeonjin Lee , Min Song

Audio-Visual Question Answering (AVQA) is a complex multi-modal reasoning task, demanding intelligent systems to accurately respond to natural language queries based on audio-video input pairs. Nevertheless, prevalent AVQA approaches are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Jie Ma , Min Hu , Pinghui Wang , Wangchun Sun , Lingyun Song , Hongbin Pei , Jun Liu , Youtian Du

Modern Vision-Language Models (VLMs) exhibit a critical flaw in compositional reasoning, often confusing "a red cube and a blue sphere" with "a blue cube and a red sphere". Disentangling the visual and linguistic roots of these failures is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Cristian Sbrolli , Matteo Matteucci , Toshihiko Yamasaki

When answering complex questions, large language models (LLMs) may produce answers that do not satisfy all criteria of the question. While existing self-evaluation techniques aim to detect if such answers are correct, these techniques are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Nishant Balepur , Jie Huang , Samraj Moorjani , Hari Sundaram , Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang

An image related question defines a specific visual task that is required in order to produce an appropriate answer. The answer may depend on a minor detail in the image and require complex reasoning and use of prior knowledge. When humans…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-26 Ben Zion Vatashsky , Shimon Ullman

In Textual question answering (TQA) systems, complex questions often require retrieving multiple textual fact chains with multiple reasoning steps. While existing benchmarks are limited to single-chain or single-hop retrieval scenarios. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Minjun Zhu , Yixuan Weng , Shizhu He , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

Multi-hop QA requires the machine to answer complex questions through finding multiple clues and reasoning, and provide explanatory evidence to demonstrate the machine reasoning process. We propose Relation Extractor-Reader and Comparator…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Ruiliu Fu , Han Wang , Xuejun Zhang , Jun Zhou , Yonghong Yan

Given an image, a back-ground knowledge, and a set of questions about an object, human learners answer the questions very consistently regardless of question forms and semantic tasks. The current advancement in neural-network based Visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Anh-Cat Le-Ngo , Truyen Tran , Santu Rana , Sunil Gupta , Svetha Venkatesh

Multi-hop Question Generation (QG) effectively evaluates reasoning but remains confined to text; Video Question Generation (VideoQG) is limited to zero-hop questions over single segments. To address this, we introduce VideoChain, a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Arpan Phukan , Anupam Pandey , Deepjyoti Bodo , Asif Ekbal

Existing synthetic datasets (FigureQA, DVQA) for reasoning over plots do not contain variability in data labels, real-valued data, or complex reasoning questions. Consequently, proposed models for these datasets do not fully address the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Nitesh Methani , Pritha Ganguly , Mitesh M. Khapra , Pratyush Kumar

Video Question Answering (VideoQA) is a very attractive and challenging research direction aiming to understand complex semantics of heterogeneous data from two domains, i.e., the spatio-temporal video content and the word sequence in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Chengxiang Yin , Zhengping Che , Kun Wu , Zhiyuan Xu , Qinru Qiu , Jian Tang

Visual Question Answering (VQA) presents a unique challenge as it requires the ability to understand and encode the multi-modal inputs - in terms of image processing and natural language processing. The algorithm further needs to learn how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-26 Supriya Pandhre , Shagun Sodhani

Existing Visual Question Answering (VQA) models are often fragile and sensitive to input variations. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to address this issue based on modular networks, which creates two questions related by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Spencer Whitehead , Hui Wu , Yi Ren Fung , Heng Ji , Rogerio Feris , Kate Saenko

Recent progress in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has led to more accurate and interpretable multi-hop question answering (QA). Yet, challenges persist in integrating iterative reasoning steps with external knowledge retrieval. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Tengjun Ni , Xin Yuan , Shenghong Li , Kai Wu , Ren Ping Liu , Wei Ni , Wenjie Zhang
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