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In this paper, we study a few versions of the uncertainty principle for the short-time Fourier transform on the lattice $\mathbb Z^n \times \mathbb T^n$. In particular, we establish the uncertainty principle for orthonormal sequences,…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-10 Anirudha Poria , Aparajita Dasgupta

By use of window functions, time-frequency analysis tools like Short Time Fourier Transform overcome a shortcoming of the Fourier Transform and enable us to study the time- frequency characteristics of signals which exhibit transient os-…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-07-25 Sangnam Nam

Motivated by results of Dyatlov on Fourier uncertainty principles for Cantor sets and by similar results of Knutsen for joint time-frequency representations (i.e., the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) with a Gaussian window, equivalent…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 Luis Daniel Abreu , Zouhair Mouayn , Felix Voigtlaender

Fractal uncertainty principle states that no function can be localized in both position and frequency near a fractal set. This article provides a review of recent developments on the fractal uncertainty principle and of their applications…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2019-08-20 Semyon Dyatlov

We review the well-known Hellmann Feynman Theorem (HFT), originally developed for Hermitian systems to facilitate the calculation of forces among the molecules. Our work extends this foundational theorem to the domain of non-Hermitian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-02 Gaurav Hajong , Bhabani Prasad Mandal

The offset linear canonical transform (OLCT) provides a more general framework for a number of well known linear integral transforms in signal processing and optics, such as Fourier transform, fractional Fourier transform, linear canonical…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-06-08 Haiye Huo

The short-time Fourier transform (STFT) usually computes the same number of frequency components as the frame length while overlapping adjacent time frames by more than half. As a result, the number of components of a spectrogram matrix…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-29 Daichi Kitahara

Spectral interference, the frequency counterpart of the beating phenomenon in the time domain, can severely distort time-frequency representations (TFRs) in physical applications. We study this phenomenon for the short-time Fourier…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2026-01-19 Shrikant Chand , James Nolen , Hau-Tieng Wu

The Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) has been a staple of signal processing, often being the first step for many audio tasks. A very familiar process when using the STFT is the search for the best STFT parameters, as they often have…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-17 An Zhao , Krishna Subramani , Paris Smaragdis

The short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is widely used to analyze the spectra of temporal signals that vary through time. Signals defined over graphs, due to their intrinsic complexity, exhibit large variations in their patterns. In this…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-01-27 Mariano Tepper , Guillermo Sapiro

Short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is the most common window-based approach for analyzing the spectrotemporal dynamics of time series. To mitigate the effects of high variance on the spectral estimates due to finite-length, independent…

Applications · Statistics 2022-01-19 Andrew H. Song , Seong-Eun Kim , Emery N. Brown

The aim of this paper is to establish a few uncertainty principles for the Fourier and the short-time Fourier transforms. Also, we discuss an analogue of Donoho--Stark uncertainty principle and provide some estimates for the size of the…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2021-11-30 Anirudha Poria

We propose a bootstrapping framework to quantify uncertainty in time-frequency representations (TFRs) generated by the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and the STFT-based synchrosqueezing transform (SST) for oscillatory signals with…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-28 Hau-Tieng Wu , Zhou Zhou

Using his formulation of the potential theoretic notion of balayage and his deep results about this idea, Beurling gave sufficient conditions for Fourier frames in terms of balayage. The analysis makes use of spectral synthesis, due to…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2013-09-04 Enrico Au-Yeung , John J. Benedetto

We consider the time-harmonic electromagnetic transmission problem for the unit sphere. Appealing to a vector spherical harmonics analysis, we prove the first stability result of the local multiple trace formulation (MTF) for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-30 Alan Ayala , Xavier Claeys , Paul Escapil-Inchauspé , Carlos Jerez-Hanckes

We establish anisotropic uncertainty principles (UPs) for general metaplectic operators acting on $L^2(\mathbb{R}^d)$, including degenerate cases associated with symplectic matrices whose $B$-block has nontrivial kernel. In this setting,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-01-26 Elena Cordero , Gianluca Giacchi , Edoardo Pucci

The Fractional Fourier Transform (FrFT) has widespread applications in areas like signal analysis, Fourier optics, diffraction theory, etc. The Holomorphic Fractional Fourier Transform (HFrFT) proposed in the present paper may be used in…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-05-13 William D. Kirwin , José Mourão , João P. Nunes , Thomas Thiemann

In this paper, we study the convolution structure in the special affine Fourier transform domain to combine the advantages of the well known special affine Fourier and Stockwell transforms into a novel integral transform coined as special…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-15 Aamir Hamid Dar , Mohammad Younus Bhat

We study the real-time dynamics retrieval from a time series via the time-frequency (TF) analysis with the minimal latency guarantee. While different from the well-known intrinsic latency definition in the filter design, a rigorous…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2016-06-30 Li Su , Hau-tieng Wu

The synchrosqueezing transform, a kind of reassignment method, aims to sharpen the time-frequency representation and to separate the components of a multicomponent non-stationary signal. In this paper, we consider the short-time Fourier…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-27 Lin Li , Haiyan Cai , Hongxia Han , Qingtang Jiang , Hongbing Ji