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Related papers: The boundaries of 2+1D fermionic topological order…

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We study gapped boundaries characterized by "fermionic condensates" in 2+1 d topological order. Mathematically, each of these condensates can be described by a super commutative Frobenius algebra. We systematically obtain the species of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-03-17 Jiaqi Lou , Ce Shen , Chaoyi Chen , Ling-Yan Hung

The string-net approach by Levin and Wen, and the local unitary transformation approach by Chen, Gu, and Wen, provide ways to classify topological orders with gappable edge in 2D bosonic systems. The two approaches reveal that the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-04-08 Zheng-Cheng Gu , Zhenghan Wang , Xiao-Gang Wen

In this paper, we classify EF topological orders for 3+1D bosonic systems where some emergent pointlike excitations are fermions. (1) We argue that all 3+1D bosonic topological orders have gappable boundary. (2) All the pointlike…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-04-17 Tian Lan , Xiao-Gang Wen

Given a gapped boundary of a (3+1)d topological order (TO), one can stack on it a decoupled (2+1)d TO to get another boundary theory. Should one view these two boundaries as "different"? A natural choice would be no. Different classes of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-04-12 Zhu-Xi Luo

We investigate (3+1)d topological orders in fermionic systems with an anomalous $\mathbb{Z}_{2N}^{\mathrm{F}}$ symmetry, where its $\mathbb{Z}_2^{\mathrm{F}}$ subgroup is the fermion parity. Such an anomalous symmetry arises as the discrete…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-03-09 Meng Cheng , Juven Wang , Xinping Yang

In this work we consider general fermion systems in two spatial dimensions, both with and without charge conservation symmetry, which realize a nontrivial fermionic topological order with only Abelian anyons. We address the question of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-08-06 Nick Bultinck

We propose that, up to invertible topological orders, 2+1D fermionic topological orders without symmetry and 2+1D fermionic/bosonic topological orders with symmetry $G$ are classified by non-degenerate unitary braided fusion categories…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2016-10-14 Tian Lan , Liang Kong , Xiao-Gang Wen

We investigate symmetry-preserving gapped boundary of (2+1)D topological phases with global symmetry, which can be either bosonic or fermionic. We develop a general algebraic description for gapped boundary condition for symmetry-enriched…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-08-22 Ryohei Kobayashi

Gapped quantum liquids (GQL) include both topologically ordered states (with long range entanglement) and symmetry protected topological (SPT) states (with short range entanglement). In this paper, we propose a classification of 2+1D GQL…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-06-28 Tian Lan , Liang Kong , Xiao-Gang Wen

Quasiparticle excitations in $3+1$ dimensions can be either bosons or fermions. In this work, we introduce the notion of fermionic loop excitations in $3+1$ dimensional topological phases. Specifically, we construct a new many-body lattice…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-11-02 Lukasz Fidkowski , Jeongwan Haah , Matthew B. Hastings

Gravitational anomalies can be realized on the boundary of topologically ordered states in one higher dimension and are described by topological orders in one higher dimension. In this paper, we try to develop a general theory for both…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2014-05-23 Liang Kong , Xiao-Gang Wen

We revisit the problem of boundary excitations at a topological boundary or junction defects between topological boundaries in non-chiral bosonic topological orders in 2+1 dimensions. Based on physical considerations, we derive a formula…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-08-07 Ce Shen , Ling-Yan Hung

We discuss the codimension-1 defects of (2+1)D bosonic topological phases, where the defects can support fermionic degrees of freedom. We refer to such defects as fermionic defects, and introduce a certain subclass of invertible fermionic…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-07-12 Ryohei Kobayashi

Gapped domain walls, as topological line defects between 2+1D topologically ordered states, are examined. We provide simple criteria to determine the existence of gapped domain walls, which apply to both Abelian and non-Abelian topological…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-01-08 Tian Lan , Juven Wang , Xiao-Gang Wen

We examine the interplay of symmetry and topological order in $2+1$ dimensional fermionic topological phases of matter. We define fermionic topological symmetries acting on the emergent topological effective theory described using braided…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-03-01 David Aasen , Parsa Bonderson , Christina Knapp

Topological band theory has been studied for free fermions for decades, and one of the most profound physical results is the bulk-boundary correspondence. Recently a focus in topological physics is extending topological classification to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-06-18 Liang Mao , Hui Zhai , Fan Yang

Given a (2+1)D fermionic topological order and a symmetry fractionalization class for a global symmetry group $G$, we show how to construct a (3+1)D topologically invariant path integral for a fermionic $G$ symmetry-protected topological…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-08-23 Sri Tata , Ryohei Kobayashi , Daniel Bulmash , Maissam Barkeshli

We use the pullback trivialization technique to systematically construct gapped interfaces and anomalous boundaries for fermionic symmetry-protected topological (FSPT) states by extending their symmetry group $G_f = \mathbb{Z}_2^f…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-05-20 Kevin Loo , Qing-Rui Wang

Topological holography is a conjectured correspondence between the symmetry charges and defects of a $D$-dimensional system with the anyons in a $(D+1)$-dimensional topological order: the symmetry topological field theory (SymTFT).…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-05-01 Rui Wen , Weicheng Ye , Andrew C. Potter

This paper attempts to establish the connection among classifications of gapped boundaries in topological phases of matter, bosonic symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases and fault-tolerantly implementable logical gates in quantum…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-08-25 Beni Yoshida
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