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Semi-supervised learning and weakly supervised learning are important paradigms that aim to reduce the growing demand for labeled data in current machine learning applications. In this paper, we introduce a novel analysis of the classical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Rattana Pukdee , Dylan Sam , Maria-Florina Balcan , Pradeep Ravikumar

Recent advancements in semi-supervised deep learning have introduced effective strategies for leveraging both labeled and unlabeled data to improve classification performance. This work proposes a semi-supervised framework that utilizes a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Aydin Abedinia , Shima Tabakhi , Vahid Seydi

High-quality labels are often very scarce, whereas unlabeled data with inferred weak labels occurs more naturally. In many cases, these weak labels dictate the frequency of each respective class over a set of instances. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Vinay Shukla , Zhe Zeng , Kareem Ahmed , Guy Van den Broeck

In recent years, speech-based self-supervised learning (SSL) has made significant progress in various tasks, including automatic speech recognition (ASR). An ASR model with decent performance can be realized by fine-tuning an SSL model with…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-30 Zhisheng Zheng , Ziyang Ma , Yu Wang , Xie Chen

Semi-supervised learning aims to train a model using limited labels. State-of-the-art semi-supervised methods for image classification such as PAWS rely on self-supervised representations learned with large-scale unlabeled but curated data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Sangwoo Mo , Jong-Chyi Su , Chih-Yao Ma , Mido Assran , Ishan Misra , Licheng Yu , Sean Bell

Labeling training data is a key bottleneck in the modern machine learning pipeline. Recent weak supervision approaches combine labels from multiple noisy sources by estimating their accuracies without access to ground truth labels; however,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-15 Paroma Varma , Frederic Sala , Ann He , Alexander Ratner , Christopher Ré

Multi-label image classification is a fundamental but challenging task towards general visual understanding. Existing methods found the region-level cues (e.g., features from RoIs) can facilitate multi-label classification. Nevertheless,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-22 Yongcheng Liu , Lu Sheng , Jing Shao , Junjie Yan , Shiming Xiang , Chunhong Pan

Owing to the prohibitive costs of generating large amounts of labeled data, programmatic weak supervision is a growing paradigm within machine learning. In this setting, users design heuristics that provide noisy labels for subsets of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Dylan Sam , J. Zico Kolter

In this paper, we apply Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) along with Data Augmentation (DA) for improving the accuracy of End-to-End ASR. We focus on the consistency regularization principle, which has been successfully applied to image…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-29 Felix Weninger , Franco Mana , Roberto Gemello , Jesús Andrés-Ferrer , Puming Zhan

Programmatic Weak Supervision (PWS) and generative models serve as crucial tools that enable researchers to maximize the utility of existing datasets without resorting to laborious data gathering and manual annotation processes. PWS uses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Kumar Shubham , Pranav Sastry , Prathosh AP

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been shown to substantially improve the reasoning capability of small and large language models (LLMs), but existing approaches typically rely on verifiable rewards, hence ground truth labels. We propose an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Yiyang Shen , Lifu Tu , Weiran Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great success in estimating sequential treatment strategies which take into account patient heterogeneity. However, health-outcome information, which is used as the reward for reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Aaron Sonabend-W , Nilanjana Laha , Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan , Tianxi Cai , Rajarshi Mukherjee

Training deep neural networks requires massive amounts of training data, but for many tasks only limited labeled data is available. This makes weak supervision attractive, using weak or noisy signals like the output of heuristic methods or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-08 Mostafa Dehghani , Aliaksei Severyn , Sascha Rothe , Jaap Kamps

We propose Boundary-RL, a novel weakly supervised segmentation method that utilises only patch-level labels for training. We envision the segmentation as a boundary detection problem, rather than a pixel-level classification as in previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Weixi Yi , Vasilis Stavrinides , Zachary M. C. Baum , Qianye Yang , Dean C. Barratt , Matthew J. Clarkson , Yipeng Hu , Shaheer U. Saeed

In this study, the effects of different class labels created as a result of multiple conceptual meanings on localization using Weakly Supervised Learning presented on Car Dataset. In addition, the generated labels are included in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Cenk Bircanoglu

Due to the semantic complexity of the Relation extraction (RE) task, obtaining high-quality human labelled data is an expensive and noisy process. To improve the sample efficiency of the models, semi-supervised learning (SSL) methods aim to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Komal K. Teru

Current weakly-supervised incremental learning for semantic segmentation (WILSS) approaches only consider replacing pixel-level annotations with image-level labels, while the training images are still from well-designed datasets. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Chang Liu , Giulia Rizzoli , Pietro Zanuttigh , Fu Li , Yi Niu

Co-training is a popular semi-supervised learning framework to utilize a large amount of unlabeled data in addition to a small labeled set. Co-training methods exploit predicted labels on the unlabeled data and select samples based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Jiawei Wu , Lei Li , William Yang Wang

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is a widely used technique in scenarios where labeled data is scarce and unlabeled data is abundant. While SSL is popular for image and text classification, it is relatively underexplored for the task of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Gaurav Sahu , Olga Vechtomova , Issam H. Laradji

Most reinforcement learning (RL) methods for training large language models (LLMs) require ground-truth labels or task-specific verifiers, limiting scalability when correctness is ambiguous or expensive to obtain. We introduce Reinforcement…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Micah Rentschler , Jesse Roberts