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Abridged: Recent simulations have explored different ways to form accretion disks around low-mass stars. We aim to present observables to differentiate a rotationally supported disk from an infalling rotating envelope toward deeply embedded…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-04-29 Daniel Harsono , Ewine van Dishoeck , Simon Bruderer , Zhi-Yun Li , Jes Jorgensen

We formulate a parametrized model of embedded protostellar disks and test its ability to estimate disk properties by fitting dust-continuum observations. The main physical assumptions of our model are motivated by a recent theoretical study…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-15 Wenrui Xu

Interstellar dust grains efficiently absorb and scatter UV and optical radiation in galaxies, and therefore can significantly affect the apparent structure of spiral galaxies. We discuss the effect of dust attenuation on the observed…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Maarten Baes , Dimitri Gadotti , Joris Verstappen , Ilse De Looze , Jacopo Fritz , Edgardo Vidal Perez , Marko Stalevski

Reflection phase imaging provides label-free, high-resolution characterization of biological samples, typically using interferometric-based techniques. Here, we investigate reflection phase microscopy from intensity-only measurements under…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-12-18 Alex Matlock , Anne Sentenac , Patrick C. Chaumet , Ji Yi , Lei Tian

Understanding planet formation requires to discern how dust grows in protoplanetary disks. An important parameter to measure in disks is the maximum dust grain size present. This is usually estimated through measurements of the dust opacity…

We consider the effects of self-gravity on the hydrostatic balance in the vertical direction of a gaseous disk and discuss the possible signature of the self-gravity that may be captured by the direct imaging observations of protoplanetary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Takayuki Muto

HD 100453 disk is a prototypical companion-disk interaction system hosting a pair of spirals and a substellar companion. We present new noncoronagraphic high-contrast imaging observations of HD 100453 with $V$ filter on SPHERE/ZIMPOL. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-20 J. Ma , R. Tazaki , H. M. Schmid , G. Duchêne , C. Dominik , C. Ginski , F. Ménard

Transition disks have dust-depleted inner regions and may represent an intermediate step of an on-going disk dispersal process, where planet formation is probably in progress. Recent millimetre observations of transition disks reveal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-19 P. Pinilla , M. de Juan Ovelar , S. Ataiee , M. Benisty , T. Birnstiel , E. F. van Dishoeck , M. Min

The latest observation of HL Tau by ALMA revealed spectacular concentric dust rings in its circumstellar disk. We attempt to explain the multiple ring structure as a consequence of aggregate sintering. Sintering is known to reduce the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-27 Satoshi Okuzumi , Munetake Momose , Sin-iti Sirono , Hiroshi Kobayashi , Hidekazu Tanaka

We have quantified the potential capabilities of detecting local brightness asymmetries in circumstellar disks with the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) in the mid-infrared wavelength range. The study is motivated by the need to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-25 Robert Brunngräber , Sebastian Wolf

Millimeter and sub-millimeter observations of continuum linear dust polarization provide insight into dust grain growth in protoplanetary disks, which are the progenitors of planetary systems. We present the results of the first survey of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-17 Rachel E. Harrison , Zhe-Yu Daniel Lin , Leslie W. Looney , Zhi-Yun Li , Haifeng Yang , Ian Stephens , Manuel Fernández-López

Investigating the dust grain size and its dependence on substructures in protoplanetary disks is a crucial step in understanding the initial process of planet formation. Spectral indices derived from millimeter observations are used as a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-08 Dafa Li , Yao Liu , Hongchi Wang , Min Fang , Lei Wang

We describe the use of partially overlapping galaxies to provide direct measurements of the effective absorption in galaxy disks, independent of assumptions about internal disk structure. The non-overlapping parts of the galaxies and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Raymond E. White , William C. Keel , Christopher J. Conselice

The opacity of a spiral disk due to dust absorption influences every measurement we make of it in the UV and optical. Two separate techniques directly measure the total absorption by dust in the disk: calibrated distant galaxy counts and…

Light scattering techniques are widely used in many fields of condensed and sof t matter physics. Usually these methods are based on the study of the scattered light in the far field. Recently, a new family of near field detection schemes…

The surfaces of neutron stars are likely sources of strongly polarized soft X rays due to the presence of strong magnetic fields. Scattering transport in the surface layers is critical to the determination of the emergent anisotropy of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-15 Kun Hu , Matthew G. Baring , Joseph A. Barchas , George Younes

Context. Dust grains coagulate to form dust aggregates in protoplanetary disks. Their porosity can be extremely high in the disks. Although disk emission may come from fluffy dust aggregates, the emission has been modeled with compact…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-09-05 Akimasa Kataoka , Satoshi Okuzumi , Hidekazu Tanaka , Hideko Nomura

Dust polarization in millimeter (and centimeter) has been mapped in disks around an increasing number of young stellar objects. It is usually thought to come from emission by magnetically aligned (non-spherical) grains, but can also be…

The size of dust grains, $a$, is key to the physical and chemical processes in circumstellar disks, but observational constraints of grain size remain challenging. (Sub)millimeter continuum observations often show a percent-level…

Several studies discussing imaging polarimetry observations of protoplanetary disks use the so-called radial Stokes parameters Q_phi and U_phi to discuss the results. This approach has the advantage of providing a direct measure of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-14 H. Canovas , F. Ménard , J. de Boer , C. Pinte , H. Avenhaus , M. R. Schreiber
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