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Deep learning models have proven enormously successful at using multiple layers of representation to learn relevant features of structured data. Encoding physical symmetries into these models can improve performance on difficult tasks, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Cassidy Ashworth , Pietro Liò , Francesco Caso

Reinforcement learning (RL) has proven remarkably effective at improving the accuracy of language models in verifiable and deterministic domains like mathematics. Here, we examine if current RL methods are also effective at optimizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Michael Bereket , Jure Leskovec

Two main challenges in Reinforcement Learning (RL) are designing appropriate reward functions and ensuring the safety of the learned policy. To address these challenges, we present a theoretical framework for Inverse Reinforcement Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Andreas Schlaginhaufen , Maryam Kamgarpour

Recently, empowered with the powerful capabilities of neural networks, reinforcement learning (RL) has successfully tackled numerous challenging tasks. However, while these models demonstrate enhanced decision-making abilities, they are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Zhengpeng Xie , Yulong Zhang

A longstanding goal in character animation is to combine data-driven specification of behavior with a system that can execute a similar behavior in a physical simulation, thus enabling realistic responses to perturbations and environmental…

Graphics · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Xue Bin Peng , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine , Michiel van de Panne

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a standard technique for post-training diffusion-based image synthesis models, as it enables learning from reward signals to explicitly improve desirable aspects such as image quality and prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 David McAllister , Miika Aittala , Tero Karras , Janne Hellsten , Angjoo Kanazawa , Timo Aila , Samuli Laine

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) is successful in solving many complex Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) problems. However, agents often face unanticipated environmental changes after deployment in the real world. These changes are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Beining Han , Chongyi Zheng , Harris Chan , Keiran Paster , Michael R. Zhang , Jimmy Ba

Self-supervised learning and data augmentation have significantly reduced the performance gap between state and image-based reinforcement learning agents in continuous control tasks. However, it is still unclear whether current techniques…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Jake Grigsby , Yanjun Qi

Several image processing tasks, such as image classification and object detection, have been significantly improved using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Like ResNet and EfficientNet, many architectures have achieved outstanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Claudio Filipi Gonçalves dos Santos , João Paulo Papa

Function approximation has been an indispensable component in modern reinforcement learning algorithms designed to tackle problems with large state spaces in high dimensions. This paper reviews recent results on error analysis for these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Jihao Long , Jiequn Han

A highly desirable property of a reinforcement learning (RL) agent -- and a major difficulty for deep RL approaches -- is the ability to generalize policies learned on a few tasks over a high-dimensional observation space to similar tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Bogdan Mazoure , Ahmed M. Ahmed , Patrick MacAlpine , R Devon Hjelm , Andrey Kolobov

Modern RAN operate in highly dynamic and heterogeneous environments, where hand-tuned, rule-based RRM algorithms often underperform. While RL can surpass such heuristics in constrained settings, the diversity of deployments and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Burak Demirel , Yu Wang , Cristian Tatino , Pablo Soldati

We study goal-conditioned RL through the lens of generalization, but not in the traditional sense of random augmentations and domain randomization. Rather, we aim to learn goal-directed policies that generalize with respect to the horizon:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Vivek Myers , Catherine Ji , Benjamin Eysenbach

Supervised neural networks, which first map an input $x$ to a single representation $z$, and then map $z$ to the output label $y$, have achieved remarkable success in a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Despite their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Jiawei Wu , Xiaoya Li , Xiang Ao , Yuxian Meng , Fei Wu , Jiwei Li

The strength of machine learning models stems from their ability to learn complex function approximations from data; however, this strength also makes training deep neural networks challenging. Notably, the complex models tend to memorize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Mofassir ul Islam Arif , Mohsan Jameel , Josif Grabocka , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

One of the most significant challenges facing a few-shot learning task is the generalizability of the (meta-)model from the base to the novel categories. Most of existing few-shot learning models attempt to address this challenge by either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Haohang Xu , Hongkai Xiong , Guojun Qi

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a framework to optimize a control policy using rewards that are revealed by the system as a response to a control action. In its standard form, RL involves a single agent that uses its policy to accomplish a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-24 Juan Cervino , Juan Andres Bazerque , Miguel Calvo-Fullana , Alejandro Ribeiro

Effective coordination is crucial to solve multi-agent collaborative (MAC) problems. While centralized reinforcement learning methods can optimally solve small MAC instances, they do not scale to large problems and they fail to generalize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Nicolas Carion , Gabriel Synnaeve , Alessandro Lazaric , Nicolas Usunier

Pre-training convolutional neural networks with weakly-supervised and self-supervised strategies is becoming increasingly popular for several computer vision tasks. However, due to the lack of strong discriminative signals, these learned…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Xueting Yan , Ishan Misra , Abhinav Gupta , Deepti Ghadiyaram , Dhruv Mahajan

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has shown impressive performance on domains with visual inputs, in particular various games. However, the agent is usually trained on a fixed environment, e.g. a fixed number of levels. A growing mass of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Chang Ye , Ahmed Khalifa , Philip Bontrager , Julian Togelius
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