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Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are susceptible to model stealing attacks, which allows a data-limited adversary with no knowledge of the training dataset to clone the functionality of a target model, just by using black-box query access. Such…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-19 Sanjay Kariyappa , Moinuddin K Qureshi

In addition to signature-based and heuristics-based detection techniques, machine learning (ML) is widely used to generalize to new, never-before-seen malicious software (malware). However, it has been demonstrated that ML models can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Tony Quertier , Benjamin Marais , Stéphane Morucci , Bertrand Fournel

Machine learning has been used to detect new malware in recent years, while malware authors have strong motivation to attack such algorithms. Malware authors usually have no access to the detailed structures and parameters of the machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Weiwei Hu , Ying Tan

Malware detection is a popular application of Machine Learning for Information Security (ML-Sec), in which an ML classifier is trained to predict whether a given file is malware or benignware. Parameters of this classifier are typically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-15 Ethan M. Rudd , Felipe N. Ducau , Cody Wild , Konstantin Berlin , Richard Harang

Malware detection have used machine learning to detect malware in programs. These applications take in raw or processed binary data to neural network models to classify as benign or malicious files. Even though this approach has proven…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-20 Xiruo Wang , Risto Miikkulainen

Attacks on machine learning models have been extensively studied through stateless optimization. In this paper, we demonstrate how a reinforcement learning (RL) agent can learn a new class of attack algorithms that generate adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Kyle Domico , Jean-Charles Noirot Ferrand , Ryan Sheatsley , Eric Pauley , Josiah Hanna , Patrick McDaniel

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been a topic of major research for many years. Especially, with the emergence of deep neural network (DNN), these studies have been tremendously successful. Today machines are capable of making faster, more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Ibrahim Yilmaz

Backdoor attacks represent a subtle yet effective class of cyberattacks targeting AI models, primarily due to their stealthy nature. The model behaves normally on clean data but exhibits malicious behavior only when the attacker embeds a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Sujeevan Aseervatham , Achraf Kerzazi , Younès Bennani

Adversarial Malware Generation (AMG), the generation of adversarial malware variants to strengthen Deep Learning (DL)-based malware detectors has emerged as a crucial tool in the development of proactive cyberdefense. However, the majority…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Brian Etter , James Lee Hu , Mohammedreza Ebrahimi , Weifeng Li , Xin Li , Hsinchun Chen

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples -- minor perturbations added to a model's input which cause the model to output an incorrect prediction. We introduce a new method for improving the efficacy of adversarial attacks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Chris Miller , Soroush Vosoughi

The detection of malware is a critical task for the protection of computing environments. This task often requires extremely low false positive rates (FPR) of 0.01% or even lower, for which modern machine learning has no readily available…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Andre T. Nguyen , Edward Raff , Charles Nicholas , James Holt

Malware visualization analysis incorporating with Machine Learning (ML) has been proven to be a promising solution for improving security defenses on different platforms. In this work, we propose an integrated framework for addressing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Fang Wang , Hussam Al Hamadi , Ernesto Damiani

Due to increasing threats from malicious software (malware) in both number and complexity, researchers have developed approaches to automatic detection and classification of malware, instead of analyzing methods for malware files manually…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Ahmed Bensaoud , Nawaf Abudawaood , Jugal Kalita

Evasion attacks are a threat to machine learning models, where adversaries attempt to affect classifiers by injecting malicious samples. An alarming side-effect of evasion attacks is their ability to transfer among different models: this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Marco Alecci , Mauro Conti , Francesco Marchiori , Luca Martinelli , Luca Pajola

The ability to transfer adversarial attacks from one model (the surrogate) to another model (the victim) has been an issue of concern within the machine learning (ML) community. The ability to successfully evade unseen models represents an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Luke E. Richards , André Nguyen , Ryan Capps , Steven Forsythe , Cynthia Matuszek , Edward Raff

In multiple domains such as malware detection, automated driving systems, or fraud detection, classification algorithms are susceptible to being attacked by malicious agents willing to perturb the value of instance covariates to pursue…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-10 Victor Gallego , Roi Naveiro , Alberto Redondo , David Rios Insua , Fabrizio Ruggeri

In today's interconnected digital landscape, the proliferation of malware poses a significant threat to the security and stability of computer networks and systems worldwide. As the complexity of malicious tactics, techniques, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Dhruv Nandakumar , Devin Quinn , Elijah Soba , Eunyoung Kim , Christopher Redino , Chris Chan , Kevin Choi , Abdul Rahman , Edward Bowen

Many machine learning models are vulnerable to adversarial examples: inputs that are specially crafted to cause a machine learning model to produce an incorrect output. Adversarial examples that affect one model often affect another model,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-05-25 Nicolas Papernot , Patrick McDaniel , Ian Goodfellow

Medical multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are becoming an instrumental part of healthcare systems, assisting medical personnel with decision making and results analysis. Models for radiology report generation are able to interpret…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Yaling Shen , Zhixiong Zhuang , Kun Yuan , Maria-Irina Nicolae , Nassir Navab , Nicolas Padoy , Mario Fritz

Machine learning algorithms, however effective, are known to be vulnerable in adversarial scenarios where a malicious user may inject manipulated instances. In this work we focus on evasion attacks, where a model is trained in a safe…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Stefano Calzavara , Claudio Lucchese , Federico Marcuzzi , Salvatore Orlando