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This paper investigates the intrinsic group structures within the framework of large-dimensional approximate factor models, which portrays homogeneous effects of the common factors on the individuals that fall into the same group. To this…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-18 Yong He , Dong Liu , Guangming Pan , Yiming Wang

Covariance estimation is ubiquitous in functional data analysis. Yet, the case of functional observations over multidimensional domains introduces computational and statistical challenges, rendering the standard methods effectively…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-02 Soham Sarkar , Victor M. Panaretos

We consider the problem of estimating multiple principal components using the recently-proposed Sparse and Functional Principal Components Analysis (SFPCA) estimator. We first propose an extension of SFPCA which estimates several principal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-10 Michael Weylandt

Dimensionality reduction is critical across various domains of science including neuroscience. Probabilistic Principal Component Analysis (PPCA) is a prominent dimensionality reduction method that provides a probabilistic approach unlike…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Han-Lin Hsieh , Maryam M. Shanechi

Functional Principal Component Analysis is a reference method for dimension reduction of curve data. Its theoretical properties are now well understood in the simplified case where the sample curves are fully observed without noise.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-28 Ryad Belhakem , Franck Picard , Vincent Rivoirard , Angelina Roche

Existing approaches for multivariate functional principal component analysis are restricted to data on the same one-dimensional interval. The presented approach focuses on multivariate functional data on different domains that may differ in…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-10 C. Happ , S. Greven

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used dimension reduction tool in the analysis of many kind of high-dimensional data. It is used in signal processing, mechanical engineering, psychometrics, and other fields under different…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-01-15 Ngoc Mai Tran , Maria Osipenko , Wolfgang Karl Haerdle

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a popular method for dimension reduction and has attracted an unfailing interest for decades. More recently, kernel PCA (KPCA) has emerged as an extension of PCA but, despite its use in practice, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Maxime Haddouche , Benjamin Guedj , John Shawe-Taylor

Existing approaches for derivative estimation are restricted to univariate functional data. We propose two methods to estimate the principal components and scores for the derivatives of multivariate functional data. As a result, the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-28 Yueyun Zhu , Steven Golovkine , Norma Bargary , Andrew J. Simpkin

Functional linear regression gets its popularity as a statistical tool to study the relationship between function-valued response and exogenous explanatory variables. However, in practice, it is hard to expect that the explanatory variables…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-01-21 Dakyung Seong , Won-Ki Seo

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) finds a linear mapping and maximizes the variance of the data which makes PCA sensitive to outliers and may cause wrong eigendirection. In this paper, we propose techniques to solve this problem; we use…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Peratham Wiriyathammabhum , Boonserm Kijsirikul

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and its nonlinear extension Kernel PCA (KPCA) are widely used across science and industry for data analysis and dimensionality reduction. Modern deep learning tools have achieved great empirical success,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Francesco Tonin , Qinghua Tao , Panagiotis Patrinos , Johan A. K. Suykens

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a dimensionality reduction method in data analysis that involves diagonalizing the covariance matrix of the dataset. Recently, quantum algorithms have been formulated for PCA based on diagonalizing a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-26 Max Hunter Gordon , M. Cerezo , Lukasz Cincio , Patrick J. Coles

We propose a new data-driven method to select the optimal number of relevant components in Principal Component Analysis (PCA). This new method applies to correlation matrices whose time autocorrelation function decays more slowly than an…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2019-10-07 Anshul Verma , Pierpaolo Vivo , Tiziana Di Matteo

For covariance test in functional data analysis, existing methods are developed only for fully observed curves, whereas in practice, trajectories are typically observed discretely and with noise. To bridge this gap, we employ a…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-20 Yang Zhou , Jin Yang , Fang Yao

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a statistical technique commonly used in multivariate data analysis. However, PCA can be difficult to interpret and explain since the principal components (PCs) are linear combinations of the original…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2013-12-24 W. Liu , H. Zhang , D. Tao , Y. Wang , K. Lu

We consider the problem of decomposing a large covariance matrix into the sum of a low-rank matrix and a diagonally dominant matrix, and we call this problem the "Diagonally-Dominant Principal Component Analysis (DD-PCA)". DD-PCA is an…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-06-04 Zheng Tracy Ke , Lingzhou Xue , Fan Yang

I develop a feasible weighted projected principal component (FPPC) analysis for factor models in which observable characteristics partially explain the latent factors. This novel method provides more efficient and accurate estimators than…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-05-23 Sung Hoon Choi

An improved mixture of probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA) has been introduced for nonlinear data-driven process monitoring in this paper. To realize this purpose, the technique of a mixture of probabilistic principal…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-12-15 Jingxin Zhang , Hao Chen , Songhang Chen , Xia Hong

Functional data analysis offers a diverse toolkit of statistical methods tailored for analyzing samples of real-valued random functions. Recently, samples of time-varying random objects, such as time-varying networks, have been increasingly…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-10 Jiazhen Xu , Andrew T. A. Wood , Tao Zou