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Quasar absorption lines provide a unique window to the relationship between galaxies and the intergalactic medium during the Epoch of Reionization. In particular, high redshift quasars enable measurements of the neutral hydrogen content of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-17 Ella Werre , David Robinson , Camille Avestruz , Nickolay Y. Gnedin

We present a comparison between several observational tests of the post-reionization IGM and the numerical simulations of reionization completed under the Cosmic Reionization On Computers (CROC) project. The CROC simulations match the gap…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-31 Nickolay Y. Gnedin , George D. Becker , Xiaohui Fan

Cosmic Reionization On Computers (CROC) is a long-term program of numerical simulations of cosmic reionization. Its goal is to model fully self-consistently (albeit not necessarily from the first principles) all relevant physics, from…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Nickolay Y. Gnedin

We present the first large-scale radiative transfer simulations of cosmic reionization, in a simulation volume of (100/h Mpc)^3, while at the same time capturing the dwarf galaxies which are primarily responsible for reionization. We…

In this paper I show that simulations of reionization performed under the Cosmic Reionization On Computers (CROC) project do converge in space and mass, albeit rather slowly. A fully converged solution (for a given star formation and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-20 Nickolay Y. Gnedin

We compare the results from several sets of cosmological simulations of cosmic reionization, produced under Cosmic Reionization On Computers (CROC) project, with existing observational data on the high-redshift Ly-alpha forest and the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Nickolay Y. Gnedin , Alexander A. Kaurov

In this paper, we study the sizes of quasar proximity zones with synthetic quasar absorption spectra obtained by post-processing a Cosmic Reionization On Computers (CROC) simulation. CROC simulations have both relatively large box sizes and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-21 Huanqing Chen , Nickolay Y. Gnedin

Lyman limit systems (LLSs) are dense hydrogen clouds with high enough HI column densities to absorb Lyman continuum photons emitted from distant quasars. Their high column densities imply an origin in dense environments; however, the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-03-04 Jiawen Fan , Hanjue Zhu , Camille Avestruz , Nickolay Y. Gnedin

We use fully self-consistent numerical simulations of cosmic reionization, completed under the Cosmic Reionization On Computers (CROC) project, to explore how well the recombinations in the ionized IGM can be quantified by the effective…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-23 Alexander A. Kaurov , Nickolay Y. Gnedin

We explore the connection between the stellar component of galaxies and their host halos during the epoch of reionization ($5 \leq z\leq10$) using the CROC (Cosmic Reionization on Computers) simulations. We compare simulated galaxies with…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-04-20 Hanjue Zhu , Camille Avestruz , Nickolay Y. Gnedin

Baryons both increase halo concentration through adiabatic contraction and expel mass through feedback processes. However, it is not well understood how the radiation fields prevalent during the epoch of reionization affect the evolution of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-01-18 Hanjue Zhu , Nickolay Y. Gnedin

The physical conditions of the intergalactic medium (IGM) during the final stages of cosmic reionization ($z\sim5.0-6.0$) are not yet fully understood. Recent reports of unexpectedly large-scale ($\ge 150 h^{-1}\mathrm{cMpc}$) correlation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-12 Barun Maity , Frederick B. Davies , Benedetta Spina , Sarah E. I. Bosman

We use a semi-analytical approach to simulate absorption spectra of QSOs at high redshifts with the aim of constraining the cosmic reionization history. We consider two physically motivated and detailed reionization histories: (i) an Early…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 S. Gallerani , T. Roy Choudhury , A. Ferrara

We explore the evolution of the flux power spectrum in the Cosmic Reionization On Computers (CROC) simulations. We find that, contrary to some previous studies, the shape of the flux power spectrum is rather insensitive to the timing of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-13 Nishant Mishra , Nickolay Gnedin

Observations of the end stages of reionization indicate that at $z\approx 5-6$, the ionizing background is not uniform and the mean free path (MFP) changes drastically. As MFP is closely related to the distribution of Lyman Limit Systems…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-02 Jiawen Fan , Huanqing Chen , Camille Avestruz , Affan Khadir

Recently, several observational detections of damping-wing-like features at the edges of ``dark gaps" in the spectra of distant quasars (the ``Malloy-Lidz effect") have been reported, rendering strong support for the existence of ``neutral…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-07 Nickolay Y. Gnedin , Hanjue Zhu

We use cosmological simulations to explore the large-scale effects of reionization. Since reionization is a process that involves a large dynamic range - from galaxies to rare bright quasars - we need to be able to cover a significant…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Katharina Kohler , Nickolay Y. Gnedin , Andrew J. S. Hamilton

I compare the power spectra of the radiation fields from two recent sets of fully coupled simulations that model cosmic reionization: "Cosmic Reionization On Computers" (CROC) and "Thesan". While both simulations have similar power spectra…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-23 Nickolay Y. Gnedin

We explore the mean and fluctuating redshifted 21 cm signal in numerical simulations of cosmic reionization from the Cosmic Reionization On Computers (CROC) project. We find that the mean signal varies between about $\pm20\rm{mK}$. Most…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-29 Alexander A. Kaurov , Nickolay Y. Gnedin

The Cosmic Dark Ages and the Epoch of Reionization constitute a crucial missing link in our understanding of the evolution of the intergalactic medium and the formation and evolution of galaxies. Due to the complex nature of this global…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-06-19 Ilian T. Iliev , Paul R. Shapiro , Garrelt Mellema , Hugh Merz , Ue-Li Pen
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