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Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are an emerging sensor technology capable of detecting individual incident photons, and capturing their time-of-arrival with high timing precision. While these sensors were limited to single-pixel or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Sizhuo Ma , Shantanu Gupta , Arin C. Ulku , Claudio Bruschini , Edoardo Charbon , Mohit Gupta

Single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays are solid-state detectors offering imaging capabilities at the level of individual photons, with unparalleled photon counting and time-resolved performance. This fascinating technology has…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-03-19 Claudio Bruschini , Harald Homulle , Ivan Michel Antolovic , Samuel Burri , Edoardo Charbon

Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are advanced sensors capable of detecting individual photons and recording their arrival times with picosecond resolution using time-correlated Single-Photon Counting detection techniques. They are…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-13 Alice Ruget , Lewis Wilson , Jonathan Leach , Rachael Tobin , Aongus Mccarthy , Gerald S. Buller , Steve Mclaughlin , Abderrahim Halimi

Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are an emerging technology with a unique capability of capturing individual photons with high timing precision. SPADs are being used in several active imaging systems (e.g., fluorescence lifetime…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-25 Atul Ingle , Andreas Velten , Mohit Gupta

Single-Photon Avalanche Detector (SPAD) arrays are a rapidly emerging technology. These multi-pixel sensors have single-photon sensitivities and pico-second temporal resolutions thus they can rapidly generate depth images with millimeter…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-12 Stirling Scholes , Germán Mora-Martín , Feng Zhu , Istvan Gyongy , Phil Soan , Jonathan Leach

Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are a rapidly developing image sensing technology with extreme low-light sensitivity and picosecond timing resolution. These unique capabilities have enabled SPADs to be used in applications like…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-16 Trevor Seets , Atul Ingle , Martin Laurenzis , Andreas Velten

Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPAD) are affordable photodetectors, capable to collect extremely fast low-energy events, due to their single-photon sensibility. This makes them very suitable for time-of-flight-based range imaging systems,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-03-09 Quercus Hernandez , Diego Gutierrez , Adrian Jarabo

Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are becoming popular in time-of-flight depth-ranging due to their unique ability to capture individual photons with picosecond timing resolution. However, ambient light (e.g., sunlight) incident on a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-20 Anant Gupta , Atul Ingle , Mohit Gupta

Benefiting from its single-photon sensitivity, single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array has been widely applied in various fields such as fluorescence lifetime imaging and quantum computing. However, large-scale high-fidelity…

Single-photon detection is an invaluable tool for many applications ranging from basic research to consumer electronics. In this respect, the Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) plays a key role in enabling a broad diffusion of these…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-02-05 Angelo Gulinatti , Francesco Ceccarelli , Massimo Ghioni , Ivan Rech

Silicon single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) is a core device for single-photon detection in the visible and the near-infrared range, and widely used in many applications. However, due to limits of the structure design and device…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-03-17 Jian Ma , Ming Zhou , Zongfu Yu , Xiao Jiang , Yijie Huo , Kai Zang , Jun Zhang , James S. Harris , Ge Jin , Qiang Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

Single-photon-avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays are essential tools in biophotonics, optical ranging and sensing and quantum optics. However, their small number of pixels, low quantum efficiency and small fill factor have so far hindered their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-21 Hugo Defienne , Jiuxuan Zhao , Edoardo Charbon , Daniele Faccio

Time-resolved single photon imaging is a promising imaging modality characterized by the unique capability of timestamping the arrivals of single photons. Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) are the leading technology for implementing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Aleksi Suonsivu , Lauri Salmela , Edoardo Peretti , Leevi Uosukainen , Radu Ciprian Bilcu , Giacomo Boracchi

Temporal photon correlation measurement, instrumental to probing the quantum properties of light, typically requires multiple single photon detectors. Progress in single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array technology highlights their…

High-resolution three-dimensional imaging under photon-starved conditions remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate a high-resolution long-range 3D single-photon imaging system based on a digital micromirror device (DMD) and a compact 64…

Fluorescence microscopy and derived techniques are continuously looking for photodetectors able to guarantee increased sensitivity, high spatial and temporal resolution and ease of integration into modern microscopy architectures. Recent…

Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) represent a cutting-edge imaging technology, capable of detecting individual photons with remarkable timing precision. Building on this sensitivity, Single Photon Cameras (SPCs) enable image capture at…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-10 Sumit Sharma , Gopi Raju Matta , Kaushik Mitra

Active 3D imaging systems have broad applications across disciplines, including biological imaging, remote sensing and robotics. Applications in these domains require fast acquisition times, high timing resolution, and high detection…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-06-12 Felix Heide , Steven Diamond , David B. Lindell , Gordon Wetzstein

Single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are starting to play a pivotal role in the development of photon-efficient, long-range LiDAR systems. However, due to non-linearities in their image formation model, a high photon flux (e.g., due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Anant Gupta , Atul Ingle , Andreas Velten , Mohit Gupta

In order to build a new concept of photomultiplier based on silicon technology, design and characterization of 5x5 arrays of a new generation of single photon avalanche diodes (SPAD) manufactured by ST-Microelectronics have been performed.…

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