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It is well-known that speakers who entrain to one another have more successful conversations than those who do not. Previous research has shown that interlocutors entrain on linguistic features in both written and spoken monolingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Debasmita Bhattacharya , Siying Ding , Alayna Nguyen , Julia Hirschberg

Code-switching (CS), the alternation between two or more languages within a single conversation, presents significant challenges for automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. Existing Mandarin-English code-switching datasets often suffer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Jiaming Zhou , Yujie Guo , Shiwan Zhao , Haoqin Sun , Hui Wang , Jiabei He , Aobo Kong , Shiyao Wang , Xi Yang , Yequan Wang , Yonghua Lin , Yong Qin

Incorporating longer context has been shown to benefit machine translation, but the inclusion of context in end-to-end speech translation (E2E-ST) remains under-studied. To bridge this gap, we introduce target language context in E2E-ST,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Amir Hussein , Brian Yan , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Shinji Watanabe , Sanjeev Khudanpur

End-to-end speech translation poses a heavy burden on the encoder, because it has to transcribe, understand, and learn cross-lingual semantics simultaneously. To obtain a powerful encoder, traditional methods pre-train it on ASR data to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Chengyi Wang , Yu Wu , Shujie Liu , Ming Zhou , Zhenglu Yang

Training a code-switching (CS) language model using only monolingual data is still an ongoing research problem. In this paper, a CS language model is trained using only monolingual training data. As recurrent neural network (RNN) models are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Asad Ullah , Tauseef Ahmed

Code-switching (CS) refers to the phenomenon that languages switch within a speech signal and leads to language confusion for automatic speech recognition (ASR). This paper aims to address language confusion for improving CS-ASR from two…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-27 Hexin Liu , Haihua Xu , Leibny Paola Garcia , Andy W. H. Khong , Yi He , Sanjeev Khudanpur

Code-switching is a phenomenon of mixing grammatical structures of two or more languages under varied social constraints. The code-switching data differ so radically from the benchmark corpora used in NLP community that the application of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-25 Irshad Ahmad Bhat , Riyaz Ahmad Bhat , Manish Shrivastava , Dipti Misra Sharma

This paper examines the Code-Switching (CS) phenomenon where two languages intertwine within a single utterance. There exists a noticeable need for research on the CS between English and Korean. We highlight that the current Equivalence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Jangyeong Jeon , Sangyeon Cho , Minuk Ma , Junyoung Kim

Code-switching entails mixing multiple languages. It is an increasingly occurring phenomenon in social media texts. Usually, code-mixed texts are written in a single script, even though the languages involved have different scripts.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Niraj Pahari , Kazutaka Shimada

End-to-end Speech Translation (E2E ST) aims to directly translate source speech into target text. Existing ST methods perform poorly when only extremely small speech-text data are available for training. We observe that an ST model's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Siqi Ouyang , Rong Ye , Lei Li

When translating from notional gender languages (e.g., English) into grammatical gender languages (e.g., Italian), the generated translation requires explicit gender assignments for various words, including those referring to the speaker.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Marco Gaido , Dennis Fucci , Matteo Negri , Luisa Bentivogli

The success in designing Code-Switching (CS) ASR often depends on the availability of the transcribed CS resources. Such dependency harms the development of ASR in low-resourced languages such as Bengali and Hindi. In this paper, we exploit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Amir Hussein , Shammur Chowdhury , Najim Dehak , Ahmed Ali

Speech-to-text translation has many potential applications for low-resource languages, but the typical approach of cascading speech recognition with machine translation is often impossible, since the transcripts needed to train a speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-19 Sameer Bansal , Herman Kamper , Karen Livescu , Adam Lopez , Sharon Goldwater

This paper presents our latest investigation on end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) for overlapped speech. We propose to train an end-to-end system conditioned on speaker embeddings and further improved by transfer learning from…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-14 Pavel Denisov , Ngoc Thang Vu

We explore the problem of translating speech to text in low-resource scenarios where neither automatic speech recognition (ASR) nor machine translation (MT) are available, but we have training data in the form of audio paired with text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-14 Sameer Bansal , Herman Kamper , Adam Lopez , Sharon Goldwater

Spoken language translation applications for speech suffer due to conversational speech phenomena, particularly the presence of disfluencies. With the rise of end-to-end speech translation models, processing steps such as disfluency removal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Elizabeth Salesky , Matthias Sperber , Alex Waibel

Research on speech-to-speech translation (S2ST) has progressed rapidly in recent years. Many end-to-end systems have been proposed and show advantages over conventional cascade systems, which are often composed of recognition, translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Xinjian Li , Ye Jia , Chung-Cheng Chiu

We present a method for introducing a text encoder into pre-trained end-to-end speech translation systems. It enhances the ability of adapting one modality (i.e., source-language speech) to another (i.e., source-language text). Thus, the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-06 Yuhao Zhang , Chen Xu , Bojie Hu , Chunliang Zhang , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

Recent advances in automatic quality estimation for machine translation have exclusively focused on written language, leaving the speech modality underexplored. In this work, we formulate the task of quality estimation for speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 HyoJung Han , Kevin Duh , Marine Carpuat

Multilingual code-switching research is often hindered by the lack and linguistically biased status of available datasets. To expand language representation, we synthesize code-switching data by replacing intonation units detected through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Yeeun Kang