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In recent years, there is a growing interest in using quantum computers for solving combinatorial optimization problems. In this work, we developed a generic, machine learning-based framework for mapping continuous-space inverse design…

Combinatorial optimization problems are typically formulated using Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO), where constraints are enforced through penalty terms that introduce auxiliary variables and rapidly increase Hamiltonian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Shashank Sanjay Bhat , Peiyong Wang , Joseph West , Udaya Parampalli

Leveraging quantum computers for optimization problems holds promise across various application domains. Nevertheless, utilizing respective quantum computing solvers requires describing the optimization problem according to the Quadratic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-15 Deborah Volpe , Nils Quetschlich , Mariagrazia Graziano , Giovanna Turvani , Robert Wille

Optimizing objective functions stands to benefit significantly from leveraging quantum computers, promising enhanced solution quality across various application domains in the future. However, harnessing the potential of quantum solvers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-15 Deborah Volpe , Nils Quetschlich , Mariagrazia Graziano , Giovanna Turvani , Robert Wille

Quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problems are well-studied, not least because they can be approached using contemporary quantum annealing or classical hardware acceleration. However, due to limited precision and hardware…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-06 Sascha Mücke , Thore Gerlach , Nico Piatkowski

In this note, we describe an experiment on portfolio optimization using the Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) formulation. The dataset we use is taken from a real-world problem for which a classical solution is currently…

Gaussian Processes are used in many applications to model spatial phenomena. Within this context, a key issue is to decide the set of locations where to take measurements so as to obtain a better approximation of the underlying function.…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Lorenzo Bottarelli , Alessandro Farinelli

Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) sits at the heart of many industries and academic fields such as logistics, supply chain, finance, pharmaceutical science, chemistry, IT, and energy sectors, among others. These problems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Chia-Tso Lai , Carsten Blank , Peter Schmelcher , Rick Mukherjee

Quantum and quantum-inspired optimisation algorithms are designed to solve problems represented in binary, quadratic and unconstrained form. Combinatorial optimisation problems are therefore often formulated as Quadratic Unconstrained…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Mayowa Ayodele , Richard Allmendinger , Manuel López-Ibáñez , Matthieu Parizy

The quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problem arises in diverse optimization applications ranging from Ising spin problems to classical problems in graph theory and binary discrete optimization. The use of preprocessing to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-29 Fred Glover , Mark Lewis , Gary Kochenberger

Recent advances in quantum computing and the increasing availability of quantum hardware have substantially enhanced the practical relevance of quantum approaches to discrete optimization. Among these, the Quadratic Unconstrained Binary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-12 Felix P. Broesamle , Stefan Nickel

In this paper, we propose a hybrid framework to solve large-scale permutation-based combinatorial problems effectively using a high-performance quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) solver. To do so, transformations are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-07 Siong Thye Goh , Sabrish Gopalakrishnan , Jianyuan Bo , Hoong Chuin Lau

The broad applicability of Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) constitutes a general-purpose modeling framework for combinatorial optimization problems and are a required format for gate array and quantum annealing computers.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Amit Verma , Mark Lewis

A black-box optimization algorithm such as Bayesian optimization finds extremum of an unknown function by alternating inference of the underlying function and optimization of an acquisition function. In a high-dimensional space, such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-03 Syun Izawa , Koki Kitai , Shu Tanaka , Ryo Tamura , Koji Tsuda

Modular quantum computing architectures are a promising alternative to monolithic QPU (Quantum Processing Unit) designs for scaling up quantum devices. They refer to a set of interconnected QPUs or cores consisting of tightly coupled…

With the applications of quantum computing becoming more and more widespread, finding ways that allow end users without experience in the field to apply quantum computers to solve their individual problems is becoming a crucial task.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-18 Damian Rovara , Nils Quetschlich , Robert Wille

The peptide-protein docking problem is an important problem in structural biology that facilitates rational and efficient drug design. In this work, we explore modeling and solving this problem with the quantum-amenable quadratic…

Black box optimization (BBO) focuses on optimizing unknown functions in high-dimensional spaces. In many applications, sampling the unknown function is expensive, imposing a tight sample budget. Ongoing work is making progress on reducing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Rajalaxmi Rajagopalan , Yu-Lin Wei , Romit Roy Choudhury

Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning have raised concerns about its increasing energy consumption, while demand for deploying AI in mobile devices and machines at the edge is growing. Binary neural networks (BNNs) have…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-05 Jonas Christoffer Villumsen , Yusuke Sugita

Quantum Annealing (QA) can efficiently solve combinatorial optimization problems whose objective functions are represented by Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) formulations. For broader applicability of QA, quadratization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Hyakka Nakada , Shu Tanaka