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Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is critical in nanotechnology, materials science, and biological imaging due to its high spatial resolution and depth of focus. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is an essential parameter in SEM because it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 K. S. Sim , I. Bukhori , D. C. Y. Ong , K. B. Gan

The scanning electron microscope (SEM) produces an image of a sample by scanning it with a focused beam of electrons. The electrons interact with the atoms in the sample, which emit secondary electrons that contain information about the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-08 Shahar Tsiper , Or Dicker , Idan Kaizerman , Zeev Zohar , Mordechai Segev , Yonina C. Eldar

The Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Electron-Dispersive Spectroscope (EDS) are two highly effective instruments in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology. The quality of these instruments is determined by various factors, with…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-10-24 Hamidreza Moradi , Fatemeh Mehradnia

In this study, we present a computational framework tailored for the precise detection and comprehensive analysis of nanoparticles within scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The primary objective of this framework revolves around the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-21 Aidan S. Wright , Nathaniel P. Youmans , Enrique F. Valderrama Araya

Here we explore the use of scanning electron diffraction coupled with electron atomic pair distribution function analysis (ePDF) to understand the local order as a function of position in a complex multicomponent system, a hot rolled,…

Here a new microscopic method is proposed to image and characterize very thin samples like few-layer materials, organic molecules, and nanostructures with nanometer or sub-nanometer resolution using electron beams of energies lower than 20…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-01-06 Ing-Shouh Hwang

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is indispensable in modern materials science, enabling high-resolution imaging across a wide range of structural, chemical, and functional investigations. However, SEM imaging remains constrained by…

Scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis is a powerful lab-based magnetic imaging technique offering parallel imaging of multiple magnetization components and a very high spatial resolution. However, one drawback of the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-08-22 Daniel Schönke , Andreas Oelsner , Pascal Krautscheid , Robert M. Reeve , Mathias Kläui

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), a century-old technique, is today a ubiquitous method of imaging the surface of nanostructures. However, most SEM detectors simply count the number of secondary electrons from a material of interest, and…

Atomic-resolution imaging with scanning transmission electron microscopy is a powerful tool for characterizing the nanoscale structure of materials, in particular features such as defects, local strains, and symmetry-breaking distortions.…

The scanning electron microscope (SEM) recordings of dynamic nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS) are difficult to analyze due to the noise caused by low frame rate, insufficient resolution and blurriness induced by applied electric…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-19 Ege Erdem , Berke Demiralp , Hadi S Pisheh , Peyman Firoozy , Ahmet Hakan Karakurt , M. Selim Hanay

Nanoparticle superlattices consisting of ordered arrangements of nanoparticles exhibit unique optical, magnetic, and electronic properties arising from nanoparticle characteristics as well as their collective behaviors. Understanding how…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-01-09 Aanish Paruchuri , Carl Thrasher , A. J. Hart , Robert Macfarlane , Arthi Jayaraman

Nowadays, modern electron microscopes deliver images at atomic scale. The precise atomic structure encodes information about material properties. Thus, an important ingredient in the image analysis is to locate the centers of the atoms…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-13 Benjamin Berkels , Benedikt Wirth

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a versatile technique used to image samples at the nanoscale. Conventional imaging by this technique relies on finding the average intensity of the signal generated on a detector by secondary electrons…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-11-04 Akshay Agarwal , John Simonaitis , Vivek K. Goyal , Karl K. Berggren

The near field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) is not only a tool for imaging of objects in the sub wavelength limit but also a prominent characteristic tool for understanding the intrinsic properties of the nanostructures. The effect of…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-05-16 A. K. Sivadasan , Kishore K. Madapu , Prajit Dhara

The National Electrical Manufacturers Association's (NEMA) NU 4-2008 standard specifies methodology for evaluating the performance of small-animal PET scanners. The standard's goal is to enable comparison of different PET scanners over a…

Medical Physics · Physics 2020-03-03 Patrick Hallen , David Schug , Volkmar Schulz

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been widely utilized in the field of materials science due to its significant advantages, such as large depth of field, wide field of view, and excellent stereoscopic imaging. However, at high…

We theoretically demonstrate the ability of electron beams to probe the nonlinear photonic response with nanometer spatial resolution, well beyond the capabilities of existing optical techniques. Although the interaction of electron beams…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-12-30 Andrea Konečná , Valerio Di Giulio , Vahagn Mkhitaryan , Claus Ropers , F. Javier García de Abajo

The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is probably one the most fascinating examination approach that has been used since more than two decades to detailed inspection of micro scale objects. Most of the scanning electron microscopes could…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-02-18 Wichai Shanklin

Point-spread function of the probe forming optics ($PSF_{optics} $) is reported for the first time in an uncorrected (without multipole correctors) scanning electron microscope (SEM). In an SEM, the electron probe information is lost as the…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-07-02 Surya Kamal , Richard K. Hailstone
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