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We introduce a simple cellular-network model to explain the capacity of the plants as memory devices. Following earlier observations (Bose \cite{Bose} and others), we regard the plant as a network in which each of the elements (plant cells)…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-10 Jun-ichi Inoue , Bikas K. Chakrabarti

Generative models, including diffusion models, are increasingly used as foundation models and adapted through sequential fine-tuning, making continual learning an essential problem setting. However, continual learning in such generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ken Takeda , Masafumi Oizumi , Ryo Karakida

Based on recent work by Gripon and Berrou, we introduce a new model of an associative memory. We show that this model has an efficiency bounded away from 0 and is therefore significantly more effective than the well known Hopfield model. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-11-06 Judith Heusel , Matthias Löwe , Franck Vermet

We present a biologically detailed extension of the classical Hopfield/Marr auto-associative memory model for CA3, implementing ten populations (two asymmetric pyramidal subtypes, eight GABAergic interneuron classes), forty-seven…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Daniele Corradetti , Renato Corradetti

Associative memory or content-addressable memory is an important component function in computer science and information processing, and at the same time a key concept in cognitive and computational brain science. Many different neural…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Anders Lansner , Andreas Knoblauch , Naresh B Ravichandran , Pawel Herman

We propose a new model of neural network. It consists of spin variables to describe the state of neurons as in the Hopfield model and new gauge variables to describe the state of synapses. The model possesses local gauge symmetry and…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2016-11-23 Tetsuo Matsui

We study bi-directional associative neural networks that, exposed to noisy examples of an extensive number of random archetypes, learn the latter (with or without the presence of a teacher) when the supplied information is enough: in this…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-07-18 Martino Salomone Centonze , Ido Kanter , Adriano Barra

Associative Memories like the famous Hopfield Networks are elegant models for describing fully recurrent neural networks whose fundamental job is to store and retrieve information. In the past few years they experienced a surge of interest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Dmitry Krotov , Benjamin Hoover , Parikshit Ram , Bao Pham

Associative memory systems enable content-addressable storage and retrieval of patterns, a capability central to biological neural computation and artificial intelligence. Classical implementations such as Hopfield networks face fundamental…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Arie Ogranovich , Taosha Guo , Arvind R. Venkatakrishnan , Madelyn Shapiro , Francesco Bullo , Fabio Pasqualetti

For the Hopfield model with the Hebb connection matrix we investigate the case of $p$ memorized patterns that are distorted copies of the same {\it standard}. In other words, we try to simulate that learning always takes place by means of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 L. B. Litinskii

The central question that we address is: How can structured information be stored in a hierarchical Hopfield model involving hidden layers? To this end, we develop a formalism of strokes and concepts that allows us to appropriately…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-29 Markus Heydenreich , Christian Hirsch , Matthias Löwe

Classical autoassociative memory models have been central to understanding emergent computations in recurrent neural circuits across diverse biological contexts. However, they typically neglect neuromodulatory agents that are known to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-17 Daiki Goto , Hector Manuel Lopez Rios , Monika Scholz , Suriyanarayanan Vaikuntanathan

We generalize the approach of arXiv:1805.04138 for the case of the Hopfield neural network in the recall stage on a triangular lattice with isotropic weights. It appears that some properties of this model, in particular the probability of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-06-19 Dmitry V. Talalaev

In this work we approach attractor neural networks from a machine learning perspective: we look for optimal network parameters by applying a gradient descent over a regularized loss function. Within this framework, the optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Elena Agliari , Francesco Alemanno , Miriam Aquaro , Alberto Fachechi

The fully connected Hopfield network is inferred based on observed magnetizations and pairwise correlations. We present the system in the glassy phase with low temperature and high memory load. We find that the inference error is very…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2014-12-24 Haiping Huang

Associative memories are structures that store data in such a way that it can later be retrieved given only a part of its content -- a sort-of error/erasure-resilience property. They are used in applications ranging from caches and memory…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-04-23 Vincent Gripon , Michael Rabbat

We analyze the storage capacity of the Hopfield models on classes of random graphs. While such a setup has been analyzed for the case that the underlying random graph model is an Erd\"{o}s-Renyi graph, other architectures, including those…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-07-29 Matthias Löwe , Franck Vermet

We introduce a spherical Hopfield-type neural network involving neurons and patterns that are continuous variables. We study both the thermodynamics and dynamics of this model. In order to have a retrieval phase a quartic term is added to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-10 D. Bolle , Th. M. Nieuwenhuizen , I. Perez Castillo , T. Verbeiren

In this paper, we investigate the associative memory in recurrent neural networks, based on the model of evolving neural networks proposed by Nolfi, Miglino and Parisi. Experimentally developed network has highly asymmetric synaptic weights…

adap-org · Physics 2008-02-03 Sh. Fujita , H. Nishimura

Growing demand for high-speed Ising-computing-specific hardware has prompted a need for determining how the accuracy depends on a hardware implementation with physically limited resources. For instance, in digital hardware such as…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-10-07 Ryuta Sasaki , Toru Aonishi