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We present a model of speech perception which takes into account effects of correlations between sounds. Words in this model correspond to the attractors of a suitably chosen descent dynamics. The resulting lexicon is rich in short words,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-02-28 Jean-Marc Luck , Anita Mehta

Recently, it has been claimed that a linear relationship between a measure of information content and word length is expected from word length optimization and it has been shown that this linearity is supported by a strong correlation…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2019-12-11 Ramon Ferrer-i-Cancho , Fermín Moscoso del Prado Martín

Based on the Breslauer-Italiano online suffix tree construction algorithm (2013) with double logarithmic worst-case guarantees on the update time per letter, we develop near-real-time algorithms for several classical problems on strings,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Dominik Köppl , Gregory Kucherov

Construct recursively a long string of words w1. .. wn, such that at each step k, w k+1 is a new word with a fixed probability p $\in$ (0, 1), and repeats some preceding word with complementary probability 1 -- p. More precisely, given a…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-06-26 Jean Bertoin

For a stationary stochastic process $\{X_n\}$ with values in some set $A$, a finite word $w \in A^K$ is called a memory word if the conditional probability of $X_0$ given the past is constant on the cylinder set defined by $X_{-K}^{-1}=w$.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-08-22 Gusztav Morvai , Benjamin Weiss

Simon's congruence $\sim_k$ is defined as follows: two words are $\sim_k$-equivalent if they have the same set of subsequences of length at most $k$. We propose an algorithm which computes, given two words $s$ and $t$, the largest $k$ for…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Pawel Gawrychowski , Maria Kosche , Tore Koss , Florin Manea , Stefan Siemer

Given a string $w$, another string $v$ is said to be a subsequence of $w$ if $v$ can be obtained from $w$ by removing some of its letters; on the other hand, $v$ is called an absent subsequence of $w$ if $v$ is not a subsequence of $w$. The…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Florin Manea , Tina Ringleb , Stefan Siemer , Maximilian Winkler

This work explores the possibility of decoding Imagined Speech (IS) signals which can be used to create a new design of Human-Computer Interface (HCI). Since the underlying process generating EEG signals is unknown, various feature…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-26 Abhiram Singh , Ashwin Gumaste

Sequence to Sequence models, in particular the Transformer, achieve state of the art results in Automatic Speech Recognition. Practical usage is however limited to cases where full utterance latency is acceptable. In this work we introduce…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-25 George Sterpu , Christian Saam , Naomi Harte

The Suffix Array is a classic text index enabling on-line pattern matching queries via simple binary search. The main drawback of the Suffix Array is that it takes linear space in the text's length, even if the text itself is extremely…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Davide Cenzato , Lore Depuydt , Travis Gagie , Sung-Hwan Kim , Giovanni Manzini , Francisco Olivares , Nicola Prezza

We present two variations of Duval's algorithm for computing the Lyndon factorization of a word. The first algorithm is designed for the case of small alphabets and is able to skip a significant portion of the characters of the string, for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-07-14 Sukhpal Singh Ghuman , Emanuele Giaquinta , Jorma Tarhio

he segment minimization problem consists of finding the smallest set of integer matrices that sum to a given intensity matrix, such that each summand has only one non-zero value, and the non-zeroes in each row are consecutive. This has…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-09-27 Therese Biedl , Stephane Durocher , Holger H. Hoos , Shuang Luan , Jared Saia , Maxwell Young

We present a simple algorithm for computing the document array given a string collection and its suffix array as input. Our algorithm runs in linear time using constant additional space for strings from constant alphabets.

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Felipe A. Louza

As neural language models approach human performance on NLP benchmark tasks, their advances are widely seen as evidence of an increasingly complex understanding of syntax. This view rests upon a hypothesis that has not yet been empirically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Nikolay Malkin , Sameera Lanka , Pranav Goel , Nebojsa Jojic

This work aims at solving the problems with intractable sparsity-inducing norms that are often encountered in various machine learning tasks, such as multi-task learning, subspace clustering, feature selection, robust principal component…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Feiping Nie , Zhanxuan Hu , Xiaoqian Wang , Rong Wang , Xuelong Li , Heng Huang

Importance sampling (IS) is a widely used simulation method for estimating rare event probabilities. In IS, the relative variance of an estimator is the most common measure of estimator accuracy, and the focus of existing literature is on…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-05 Julie Choi , Peter Glynn

Various grammar compression algorithms have been proposed in the last decade. A grammar compression is a restricted CFG deriving the string deterministically. An efficient grammar compression develops a smaller CFG by finding duplicated…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-09-01 Shouhei Fukunaga , Yoshimasa Takabatake , I Tomohiro , Hiroshi Sakamoto

A seed in a word is a relaxed version of a period in which the occurrences of the repeating subword may overlap. We show a linear-time algorithm computing a linear-size representation of all the seeds of a word (the number of seeds might be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-03-15 Tomasz Kociumaka , Marcin Kubica , Jakub Radoszewski , Wojciech Rytter , Tomasz Walen

A factorization $f_1, \ldots, f_m$ of a string $w$ of length $n$ is called a repetition factorization of $w$ if $f_i$ is a repetition, i.e., $f_i$ is a form of $x^kx'$, where $x$ is a non-empty string, $x'$ is a (possibly-empty) proper…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Yuki Yonemoto , Shunsuke Inenaga

We prove that a uniformly random automaton with $n$ states on a 2-letter alphabet has a synchronizing word of length $O(n^{1/2}\log n)$ with high probability (w.h.p.). That is to say, w.h.p. there exists a word $\omega$ of such length, and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Guillaume Chapuy , Guillem Perarnau