Related papers: Energies of Two-State Systems
Semiclassical theories like the Thomas-Fermi and Wigner-Kirkwood methods give a good description of the smooth average part of the total energy of a Fermi gas in some external potential when the chemical potential is varied. However, in…
A general formulation of stochastic thermodynamics is presented for open systems exchanging energy and particles with multiple reservoirs. By introducing a partition in terms of "macrostates" (e.g. sets of "microstates"), the consequence on…
The dynamics of a system, consisting of a particle initially in a Gaussian state interacting with a field mode, under the action of repeated measurements performed on the particle, is examined. It is shown that regardless of its initial…
We consider the time evolution of the occupation probabilities for the 2s-2p transition in a hydrogen atom interacting with an external field, V(t). A two-state model and a dipole approximation are used. In the case of degenerate energy…
Non-equilibrium states of a thermodynamic statistical system are investigated using the thermodynamic parameter of the system lifetime, first-passage time, the time before degeneration of the system under influence of fluctuations.…
We study the energy distribution during the emergence of a quasi-equilibrium (QE) state in the course of relaxation to equipartition in slow-fast Hamiltonian systems. A bead-spring model where beads (masses) are connected by springs is…
The two-mode relative phase associated with Gaussian states plays an important role in quantum information processes in optical, atomic and electronic systems. In this work, the origin and structure of the two-mode relative phase in pure…
Two quantum systems, each described as a random-matrix ensemble. are coupled to each other via a number of transition states. Each system is strongly coupled to a large number of channels. The average transmission probability is the product…
We study the transition probabilities of a two-point measurement on a quantum system, initially prepared in a thermal state. We find two independent constraints on the difference between transition probabilities when the system is prepared…
We prove for a class of nonlinear Schr\"odinger systems (NLS) having two nonlinear bound states that the (generic) large time behavior is characterized by decay of the excited state, asymptotic approach to the nonlinear ground state and…
New method for ab initio calculations of the properties of large size system based on phase-amplitude functional is presented. It is shown that Schrodinger equation for many electrons complex system including large size molecules, or…
The pressure-energy equations of state in the nucleon are derived from the gravitational form factors, which parameterize matrix elements of the energy-momentum tensor (EMT), together with EMT conservation. There are two distinct components…
We have performed numerical simulations on a pure electron plasma system under a strong magnetic field, in order to examine quasi-stationary states that the system eventually evolves into. We use ring states as the initial states, changing…
Locating transition states is crucial for investigating transition mechanisms in wide-ranging phenomena, from atomistic to macroscale systems. Existing methods, however, can struggle in problems with a large number of degrees of freedom,…
Weakly nonlinear energy transfer between normal modes of strongly resonant PDEs is captured by the corresponding effective resonant systems. In a previous article, we have constructed a large class of such resonant systems (with specific…
We study a quantity $\mathcal{T}$ defined as the energy U, stored in non-equilibrium steady states (NESS) over its value in equilibrium $U_0$, $\Delta U=U-U_0$ divided by the heat flow $J_{U}$ going out of the system. A recent study…
Passive states are defined as those states that do not allow for work extraction in a cyclic (unitary) process. Within the set of passive states, thermal states are the most stable ones: they maximize the entropy for a given energy, and…
Driven many-body quantum systems where some parameter in the Hamiltonian is varied quasiperiodically in time may exhibit nonequilibrium steady states that are qualitatively different from their periodically driven counterparts. Here we…
The large-scale energy spectrum in two-dimensional turbulence governed by the surface quasi-geostrophic (SQG) equation $$\partial_t(-\Delta)^{1/2}\psi+J(\psi,(-\Delta)^{1/2}\psi) =\mu\Delta\psi+f$$ is studied. The nonlinear transfer of this…
A version of the second law of thermodynamics states that one cannot lower the energy of an isolated system by a cyclic operation. We prove this law without introducing statistical ensembles and by resorting only to quantum mechanics. We…