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Recently it has been shown that policy-gradient methods for reinforcement learning can be utilized to train deep end-to-end systems directly on non-differentiable metrics for the task at hand. In this paper we consider the problem of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-17 Steven J. Rennie , Etienne Marcheret , Youssef Mroueh , Jarret Ross , Vaibhava Goel

Image caption rating is becoming increasingly important because computer-generated captions are used extensively for descriptive annotation. However, rating the accuracy of captions in describing images is time-consuming and subjective in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Kezia Minni , Qiang Zhang , Monoshiz Mahbub Khan , Zhe Yu

Web-scale training on paired text-image data is becoming increasingly central to multimodal learning, but is challenged by the highly noisy nature of datasets in the wild. Standard data filtering approaches succeed in removing mismatched…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Moran Yanuka , Morris Alper , Hadar Averbuch-Elor , Raja Giryes

Developers of text generation models rely on automated evaluation metrics as a stand-in for slow and expensive manual evaluations. However, image captioning metrics have struggled to give accurate learned estimates of the semantic and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Mert İnan , Piyush Sharma , Baber Khalid , Radu Soricut , Matthew Stone , Malihe Alikhani

Massive web datasets play a key role in the success of large vision-language models like CLIP and Flamingo. However, the raw web data is noisy, and existing filtering methods to reduce noise often come at the expense of data diversity. Our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Thao Nguyen , Samir Yitzhak Gadre , Gabriel Ilharco , Sewoong Oh , Ludwig Schmidt

Change captioning aims to describe the difference between a pair of similar images. Its key challenge is how to learn a stable difference representation under pseudo changes caused by viewpoint change. In this paper, we address this by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Yunbin Tu , Liang Li , Li Su , Zheng-Jun Zha , Chenggang Yan , Qingming Huang

We explore the use of a knowledge graphs, that capture general or commonsense knowledge, to augment the information extracted from images by the state-of-the-art methods for image captioning. The results of our experiments, on several…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Yimin Zhou , Yiwei Sun , Vasant Honavar

Visual captioning aims to generate textual descriptions given images or videos. Traditionally, image captioning models are trained on human annotated datasets such as Flickr30k and MS-COCO, which are limited in size and diversity. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Marimuthu Kalimuthu , Aditya Mogadala , Marius Mosbach , Dietrich Klakow

We study how to generate captions that are not only accurate in describing an image but also discriminative across different images. The problem is both fundamental and interesting, as most machine-generated captions, despite phenomenal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Dianqi Li , Qiuyuan Huang , Xiaodong He , Lei Zhang , Ming-Ting Sun

News image captioning aims to produce journalistically informative descriptions by combining visual content with contextual cues from associated articles. Despite recent advances, existing methods struggle with three key challenges: (1)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Xiaoxing You , Qiang Huang , Lingyu Li , Chi Zhang , Xiaopeng Liu , Min Zhang , Jun Yu

We propose SC-Captioner, a reinforcement learning framework that enables the self-correcting capability of image caption models. Our crucial technique lies in the design of the reward function to incentivize accurate caption corrections.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Lin Zhang , Xianfang Zeng , Kangcong Li , Gang Yu , Tao Chen

Recently, image captioning has aroused great interest in both academic and industrial worlds. Most existing systems are built upon large-scale datasets consisting of image-sentence pairs, which, however, are time-consuming to construct. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Fenglin Liu , Meng Gao , Tianhao Zhang , Yuexian Zou

Discriminativeness is a desirable feature of image captions: captions should describe the characteristic details of input images. However, recent high-performing captioning models, which are trained with reinforcement learning (RL), tend to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Ukyo Honda , Taro Watanabe , Yuji Matsumoto

Recently, vision-language models like CLIP have advanced the state of the art in a variety of multi-modal tasks including image captioning and caption evaluation. Many approaches leverage CLIP for cross-modal retrieval to condition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Fabian Paischer , Markus Hofmarcher , Sepp Hochreiter , Thomas Adler

Cross-Domain Image Retrieval (CDIR) is a challenging task in computer vision, aiming to match images across different visual domains such as sketches, paintings, and photographs. Existing CDIR methods rely either on supervised learning with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Lucas Iijima , Nikolaos Giakoumoglou , Tania Stathaki

Image captioning, a popular topic in computer vision, has achieved substantial progress in recent years. However, the distinctiveness of natural descriptions is often overlooked in previous work. It is closely related to the quality of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-10 Bo Dai , Dahua Lin

Medical image captioning automatically generates a medical description to describe the content of a given medical image. A traditional medical image captioning model creates a medical description only based on a single medical image input.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Jia-Hong Huang , Ting-Wei Wu , Marcel Worring

Image captioning has conventionally relied on reference-based automatic evaluations, where machine captions are compared against captions written by humans. This is in contrast to the reference-free manner in which humans assess caption…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Jack Hessel , Ari Holtzman , Maxwell Forbes , Ronan Le Bras , Yejin Choi

Evaluating the quality of automatically generated image descriptions is challenging, requiring metrics that capture various aspects such as grammaticality, coverage, correctness, and truthfulness. While human evaluation offers valuable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Jia-Hong Huang , Hongyi Zhu , Yixian Shen , Stevan Rudinac , Alessio M. Pacces , Evangelos Kanoulas

Image captioning models require the high-level generalization ability to describe the contents of various images in words. Most existing approaches treat the image-caption pairs equally in their training without considering the differences…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Hongkuan Zhang , Saku Sugawara , Akiko Aizawa , Lei Zhou , Ryohei Sasano , Koichi Takeda