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Federated Learning (FL), introduced in 2016, was designed to enhance data privacy in collaborative model training environments. Among the FL paradigm, horizontal FL, where clients share the same set of features but different data samples,…

Federated Learning (FL) is a machine learning paradigm that allows decentralized clients to learn collaboratively without sharing their private data. However, excessive computation and communication demands pose challenges to current FL…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Yue Tan , Guodong Long , Jie Ma , Lu Liu , Tianyi Zhou , Jing Jiang

Federated Learning (FL), as a distributed learning paradigm, trains models over distributed clients' data. FL is particularly beneficial for distributed training of Diffusion Models (DMs), which are high-quality image generators that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Qianyu Long , Qiyuan Wang , Christos Anagnostopoulos , Daning Bi

Federated Learning(FL) is popular as a privacy-preserving machine learning paradigm for generating a single model on decentralized data. However, statistical heterogeneity poses a significant challenge for FL. As a subfield of FL,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Keting Yin , Jiayi Mao

Traditional deep learning models are trained at a centralized server using labeled data samples collected from end devices or users. Such data samples often include private information, which the users may not be willing to share. Federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Nir Shlezinger , Mingzhe Chen , Yonina C. Eldar , H. Vincent Poor , Shuguang Cui

Cooperative training methods for distributed machine learning typically assume noiseless and ideal communication channels. This work studies some of the opportunities and challenges arising from the presence of wireless communication links.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-07-08 Jin-Hyun Ahn , Osvaldo Simeone , Joonhyuk Kang

Federated Averaging, and many federated learning algorithm variants which build upon it, have a limitation: all clients must share the same model architecture. This results in unused modeling capacity on many clients, which limits model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Jared Lichtarge , Ehsan Amid , Shankar Kumar , Tien-Ju Yang , Rohan Anil , Rajiv Mathews

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm in which a large number of clients coordinate with a central server to learn a model without sharing their own training data. One central server is not enough, due to…

Federated Learning (FL) is gaining popularity as a distributed learning framework that only shares model parameters or gradient updates and keeps private data locally. However, FL is at risk of privacy leakage caused by privacy inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Kangyang Luo , Shuai Wang , Xiang Li , Yunshi Lan , Ming Gao , Jinlong Shu

Federated learning enables distributed clients to collaborate on training while storing their data locally to protect client privacy. However, due to the heterogeneity of data, models, and devices, the final global model may need to perform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Wolong Xing , Zhenkui Shi , Hongyan Peng , Xiantao Hu , Xianxian Li

Federated Learning (FL) allows users to share knowledge instead of raw data to train a model with high accuracy. Unfortunately, during the training, users lose control over the knowledge shared, which causes serious data privacy issues. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 ShiMao Xu , Xiaopeng Ke , Xing Su , Shucheng Li , Hao Wu , Sheng Zhong , Fengyuan Xu

The rise of cloud-device collaborative computing has enabled intelligent services to be delivered across distributed edge devices while leveraging centralized cloud resources. In this paradigm, federated learning (FL) has become a key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Xiao Zhang , Zengzhe Chen , Yuan Yuan , Yifei Zou , Fuzhen Zhuang , Wenyu Jiao , Yuke Wang , Dongxiao Yu

Decentralized Federated Learning (DFL) enables collaborative model training without a central server, but it remains vulnerable to privacy leakage because shared model updates can expose sensitive information through inversion,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Fardin Jalil Piran , Zhiling Chen , Yang Zhang , Qianyu Zhou , Jiong Tang , Farhad Imani

In the realm of real-world devices, centralized servers in Federated Learning (FL) present challenges including communication bottlenecks and susceptibility to a single point of failure. Additionally, contemporary devices inherently exhibit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Yasser H. Khalil , Amir H. Estiri , Mahdi Beitollahi , Nader Asadi , Sobhan Hemati , Xu Li , Guojun Zhang , Xi Chen

Federated Learning enables decentralized training by aggregating model updates across clients without sharing raw data, while Split Federated Learning further partitions the model between clients and a server to reduce computation and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Chamani Shiranthika , Hadi Hadizadeh , Parvaneh Saeedi

Standard federated learning approaches suffer when client data distributions have sufficient heterogeneity. Recent methods addressed the client data heterogeneity issue via personalized federated learning (PFL) - a class of FL algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Rishub Tamirisa , Chulin Xie , Wenxuan Bao , Andy Zhou , Ron Arel , Aviv Shamsian

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a transformative approach for enabling distributed machine learning while preserving user privacy, yet it faces challenges like communication inefficiencies and reliance on centralized infrastructures,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Sai Puppala , Ismail Hossain , Md Jahangir Alam , Sajedul Talukder , Zahidur Talukder , Syed Bahauddin

Most current federated learning frameworks are modeled as static processes, ignoring the dynamic characteristics of the learning system. Under the limited communication budget of the central server, the flexible model architecture of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yiting Zheng , Bohan Lin , Jinqian Chen , Jihua Zhu

As a promising distributed machine learning paradigm, Federated Learning (FL) trains a central model with decentralized data without compromising user privacy, which has made it widely used by Artificial Intelligence Internet of Things…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Tian Liu , Zhiwei Ling , Jun Xia , Xin Fu , Shui Yu , Mingsong Chen

Federated Learning (FL) enables privacy-preserving multi-source information fusion (MSIF) but is challenged by client drift in highly heterogeneous data settings. Many existing drift-mitigation strategies rely on reference-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Jungwon Seo , Ferhat Ozgur Catak , Chunming Rong , Kibeom Hong , Minhoe Kim
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