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We prove a kind of "almost all symmetry" result for the Liouville function $\lambda(n):=(-1)^{\Omega(n)}$, giving non-trivial bounds for its "symmetry integral", say $I_{\lambda}(N,h)$ : we get $I_{\lambda}(N,h)\ll NhL^3+Nh^{21/20}$, with…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-05-24 Giovanni Coppola

Let $\lambda$ and $\mu$ denote the Liouville and M\"obius functions respectively. Hildebrand showed that all eight possible sign patterns for $(\lambda(n), \lambda(n+1), \lambda(n+2))$ occur infinitely often. By using the recent result of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-24 Kaisa Matomäki , Maksym Radziwiłł , Terence Tao

Following the development of weighted asymptotic approximation properties of matrices, we introduce the analogous uniform approximation properties (that is, study the improvability of Dirichlet's Theorem). An added feature is the use of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-02-25 Dmitry Kleinbock , Anurag Rao

We study for bounded multiplicative functions $f$ sums of the form \begin{align*} \sum_{\substack{n\leq x \atop n\equiv a\pmod q}}f(n), \end{align*} establishing that their variance over residue classes $a \pmod q$ is small as soon as…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-24 Oleksiy Klurman , Alexander P. Mangerel , Joni Teräväinen

We investigate the limiting behavior of multiple ergodic averages along sparse sequences evaluated at prime numbers. Our sequences arise from smooth and well-behaved functions that have polynomial growth. Central to this topic is a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-09-12 Andreas Koutsogiannis , Konstantinos Tsinas

We study the distribution of prime numbers under the unlikely assumption that Siegel zeros exist. In particular we prove for \[ \sum_{n \leq X} \Lambda(n) \Lambda(\pm n+h) \] an asymptotic formula which holds uniformly for $h = O(X)$. Such…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-02-08 Kaisa Matomäki , Jori Merikoski

We derive Vorono\"{\dotlessi} summation formulas for the Liouville function $\lambda(n)$, the M\"{o}bius function $\mu(n)$, and for $d^{2}(n)$, where $d(n)$ is the divisor function. The formula for $\lambda(n)$ requires explicit evaluation…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-08 Shashank Charge , Atul Dixit

Assume that $ y < N$ are integers, and that $ (b,y) =1$. Define an average along the primes in a progression of diameter $ y$, given by integer $ (b,y)=1 $. \begin{align*} A_{N,y,b} := \frac{\phi (y)}{N} \sum _{\substack{n <N\\n\equiv…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-04-19 Christina Giannitsi , Michael T. Lacey , Hamed Mousavi , Yaghoub Rahimi

Let $\lambda(n)$ and $\mu(n)$ denote the Liouville function and the M\"obius function, respectively. In this study, relationships between the values of $\lambda(n)$ and $\lambda(n+h)$ up to $n\leq10^8$ for $1\leq h\leq1,000$ are explored.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-01 Qi Luo , Yangbo Ye

Let $\lambda$ denote the Liouville function. A well known conjecture of Chowla asserts that for any distinct natural numbers $h_1,\dots,h_k$, one has $\sum_{1 \leq n \leq X} \lambda(n+h_1) \dotsm \lambda(n+h_k) = o(X)$ as $X \to \infty$.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-03 Kaisa Matomäki , Maksym Radziwiłł , Terence Tao

We study sums of the shape $\sum_{n \leqslant x} f \left( \lfloor x/n \rfloor \right)$ where $f$ is either the von Mangoldt function or the Dirichlet-Piltz divisor functions. We improve previous estimates when $f = \Lambda$ and $f = \tau$,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-26 Olivier Bordellès

We prove that the $k$-th positive integer moment of partial sums of Steinhaus random multiplicative functions over the interval $(x, x+H]$ matches the corresponding Gaussian moment, as long as $H\ll x/(\log x)^{2k^2+2+o(1)}$ and $H$ tends…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-20 Mayank Pandey , Victor Y. Wang , Max Wenqiang Xu

Let $(\Omega,\mu)$ be a $\sigma$-finite measure space, and let $X\subset L^1(\Omega)+L^\infty(\Omega)$ be a fully symmetric space of measurable functions on $(\Omega,\mu)$. If $\mu(\Omega)=\infty$, necessary and sufficient conditions are…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2018-02-21 Vladimir Chilin , Semyon Litvinov

Let $ G $ be a connected, simply connected nilpotent Lie group and $ \Gamma < G $ a lattice. We prove that each ergodic diffeomorphism $ \phi(x\Gamma)=uA(x)\Gamma $ on the nilmanifold $ G/\Gamma $, where $ u\in G $ and $ A:G\to G $ is a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-09-05 Livio Flaminio , Krzysztof Frączek , Joanna Kułaga-Przymus , Mariusz Lemańczyk

We prove a generalization of van der Corput's Difference Theorem in the theory of uniform distribution by establishing a connection with unitary operators that have Lebesgue spectrum. This allows us to show, for example, that if $(x_n)_{n =…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-08-16 Sohail Farhangi

The modified Bessel function of the first kind, $I_{\nu}(x)$, arises in numerous areas of study, such as physics, signal processing, probability, statistics, etc. As such, there has been much interest in recent years in deducing properties…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-11-07 Prakash Balachandran , Weston Viles , Eric D. Kolaczyk

We study the double sum $S_\varepsilon(X)$$=$$\sum_{\substack{d,e\le X}}\frac{\mu(d)\mu(e)}{[d,e]^{1+\varepsilon}}$, which converges even in the case $\varepsilon=0$, where $\mu$ denotes the M\"obius function and $[d,e]$ is the least common…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Olivier Ramaré , Sebastian Zuniga Alterman

Assuming the Riemann Hypothesis, we derive explicit bounds for the error terms in short interval analogues of the prime number theorem and Mertens' theorems using a smoothing argument. Our results improve upon previous bounds in both…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-30 Ethan Simpson Lee

Using estimates on Hooley's $\Delta$-function and a short interval version of the celebrated Dirichlet hyperbola principle, we derive an asymptotic formula for a class of arithmetic functions over short segments. Numerous examples are also…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-23 Olivier Bordellès

By application of the theory for second-order linear differential equations with two turning points developed in [Olver F.W.J., Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London Ser. A 278 (1975), 137-174], uniform asymptotic approximations are obtained in…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2015-11-25 Karen Ogilvie , Adri B. Olde Daalhuis