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Large Language Models (LLMs) are intensively used to assist security analysts in counteracting the rapid exploitation of cyber threats, wherein LLMs offer cyber threat intelligence (CTI) to support vulnerability assessment and incident…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Luoxi Tang , Yuqiao Meng , Ankita Patra , Weicheng Ma , Muchao Ye , Zhaohan Xi

Cyber threat intelligence is a relatively new field that has grown from two distinct fields, cyber security and intelligence. As such, it draws knowledge from and mixes the two fields. Yet, looking into current scientific research on cyber…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Stjepan Groš

Real-Time systems are essential for promptly responding to external stimuli and completing tasks within predefined time constraints. Ensuring high reliability and robust security in these systems is therefore critical. This requires…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Eliron Rahimi , Kfir Girstein , Roman Malits , Avi Mendelson

This paper introduces DISINFOX, an open-source threat intelligence exchange platform for the structured collection, management, and dissemination of disinformation incidents and influence operations. Analysts can upload and correlate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Felipe Sánchez González , Javier Pastor-Galindo , José A. Ruipérez-Valiente

Cyber threats have become increasingly prevalent and sophisticated. Prior work has extracted actionable cyber threat intelligence (CTI), such as indicators of compromise, tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs), or threat feeds from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Saskia Laura Schröer , Noé Canevascini , Irdin Pekaric , Philine Widmer , Pavel Laskov

In recent years Industrial Control Systems (ICS) have been targeted increasingly by sophisticated cyberattacks. Improving ICS security has drawn significant attention in the literature that emphasises the importance of Cyber Threat…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Kathy Nguyen , Shantanu Pal , Zahra Jadidi , Ali Dorri , Raja Jurdak

Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) parsing aims to extract key threat information from massive data, transform it into actionable intelligence, enhance threat detection and defense efficiency, including attack graph construction, intelligence…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Yongheng Zhang , Xinyun Zhao , Yunshan Ma , Haokai Ma , Yingxiao Guan , Guozheng Yang , Yuliang Lu , Xiang Wang

Defending against today's increasingly sophisticated and large-scale cyberattacks demands accurate, real-time threat intelligence. Traditional approaches struggle to scale, integrate diverse telemetry, and adapt to a constantly evolving…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Scott Freitas , Amir Gharib

Cyber threat intelligence (CTI) is being used to search for indicators of attacks that might have compromised an enterprise network for a long time without being discovered. To have a more effective analysis, CTI open standards have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Sadegh M. Milajerdi , Birhanu Eshete , Rigel Gjomemo , V. N. Venkatakrishnan

Cyber threat hunting is the practice of proactively searching for latent threats in a network. Engaging in threat hunting can be difficult due to the volume of network traffic, variety of adversary techniques, and constantly evolving…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Matthew J. Turner , Mike Carenzo , Jackie Lasky , James Morris-King , James Ross

Cybersecurity researchers have contributed to the automated extraction of CTI from textual sources, such as threat reports and online articles, where cyberattack strategies, procedures, and tools are described. The goal of this article is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Md Rayhanur Rahman , Rezvan Mahdavi-Hezaveh , Laurie Williams

A wide variety of Cyber Threat Information (CTI) is used by Security Operation Centres (SOCs) to perform validation of security incidents and alerts. Security experts manually define different types of rules and scripts based on CTI to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Chadni Islam , M. Ali Babar , Roland Croft , Helge Janicke

Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) mining involves extracting structured insights from unstructured threat data, enabling organizations to understand and respond to evolving adversarial behavior. A key task in CTI mining is mapping threat…

Complex networked systems are an integral part of today's support infrastructures. Due to their importance, these systems become more and more the target for cyber-attacks, suffering a notable number of security incidents. Also, they are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Arthur-Jozsef Molnar , Jürgen Großmann

A new paradigm of electricity generation at the distribution level, with renewable and alternative sources, is possible with microgrids. The main idea is to have microgrids deployed on low- or medium-voltage active distribution networks.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-22 Marcelo Simoes , Mohammed Elmusrati , Tero Vartiainen , Mike Mekkanen , Mazaher Karimi , Sayawu Diaba , Emmanuel Anti , Wilson Lopes

Our Critical Infrastructure (CI) systems are, by definition, critical to the safe and proper functioning of society. Nearly all of these systems utilize industrial Process Control Systems (PCS) to provide clean water, reliable electricity,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-10 James Christopher Foreman

Identifying, analyzing, and evaluating cybersecurity risks are essential to assess the vulnerabilities of modern manufacturing infrastructures and to devise effective decision-making strategies to secure critical manufacturing against…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Md Habibor Rahman , Erfan Yazdandoost Hamedani , Young-Jun Son , Mohammed Shafae

The power grid is a critical infrastructure essential for public safety and welfare. As its reliance on digital technologies grows, so do its vulnerabilities to sophisticated cyber threats, which could severely disrupt operations. Effective…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Omer Sen , Bozhidar Ivanov , Christian Kloos , Christoph Zol_ , Philipp Lutat , Martin Henze , Andreas Ulbig

While the increasing penetration of information and communication technology into distribution grid brings numerous benefits, it also opens up a new threat landscape, particularly through cyberattacks. To provide a basis for countermeasures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Ömer Sen , Florian Schmidtke , Federico Carere , Francesca Santori , Andreas Ulbig , Antonello Monti

In the past few years, artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have been implemented in almost all verticals of human life. However, the results generated from the AI models often lag explainability. AI models often appear as a blackbox…