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Claude Shannon's zero-error communication paradigm reshaped our understanding of fault-tolerant information transfer. Here, we adapt this notion into game theory with incomplete information. We ask: can players with private information…

A fundamental problem in noncooperative dynamic game theory is the computation of Nash equilibria under different information structures, which specify the information available to each agent during decision-making. Prior work has…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Janani S K , Kushagra Gupta , Ufuk Topcu , David Fridovich-Keil

The goal of agents in multi-agent environments is to maximize total reward against the opposing agents that are encountered. Following a game-theoretic solution concept, such as Nash equilibrium, may obtain a strong performance in some…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Sam Ganzfried

Deception plays a critical role in many interactions in communication and network security. Game-theoretic models called "cheap talk signaling games" capture the dynamic and information asymmetric nature of deceptive interactions. But…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-10-17 Jeffrey Pawlick , Quanyan Zhu

Many communication, sensor network, and networked control problems involve agents (decision makers) which have either misaligned objective functions or subjective probabilistic models. In the context of such setups, we consider binary…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-09-09 Serkan Sarıtaş , Sinan Gezici , Serdar Yüksel

A notion of pi-tolerant equilibrium is defined that takes into account that players have some tolerance regarding payoffs in a game. This solution concept generalizes Nash and refines epsilon-Nash equilibrium in a natural way. We show that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-07-28 Arpita Ghosh , Joseph Y. Halpern

Empirically, many strategic settings are characterized by stable outcomes in which players' decisions are publicly observed, yet no player takes the opportunity to deviate. To analyze such situations in the presence of incomplete…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-04-12 Paul S. Koh

We address a noncooperative game problem in multi-controller system under delayed and asymmetric information structure. Under these conditions, the classical separation principle fails as estimation and control design become strongly…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-01 Xin Li , Qingyuan Qi , Kemi Ding

A model of stochastic games where multiple controllers jointly control the evolution of the state of a dynamic system but have access to different information about the state and action processes is considered. The asymmetry of information…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-09-18 Ashutosh Nayyar , Abhishek Gupta , Cédric Langbort , Tamer Başar

We study a full implementation problem with a state unknown to the designer but known to agents, where agents have uncertain evidence privately drawn from state-dependent distributions. Stochastic evidence enables ``perfect deceptions,''…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-08-07 Soumen Banerjee , Yi-Chun Chen

The peculiarity of adversarial team games resides in the asymmetric information available to the team members during the play, which makes the equilibrium computation problem hard even with zero-sum payoffs. The algorithms available in the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Luca Carminati , Federico Cacciamani , Marco Ciccone , Nicola Gatti

Decomposition, i.e. independently analyzing possible subgames, has proven to be an essential principle for effective decision-making in perfect information games. However, in imperfect information games, decomposition has proven to be…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-22 Neil Burch , Michael Johanson , Michael Bowling

In recent years, agents have become capable of communicating seamlessly via natural language and navigating in environments that involve cooperation and competition, a fact that can introduce social dilemmas. Due to the interleaving of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Maayan Orner , Oleg Maksimov , Akiva Kleinerman , Charles Ortiz , Sarit Kraus

In strategic games such as the prisoner's dilemma, allowing players to make binding offers of utility transfers before play has been shown to alter incentives and potentially support cooperative outcomes. These preplay exchange mechanisms…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-04-27 Ian Fligler

Deception is a technique to mislead human or computer systems by manipulating beliefs and information. For the applications of cyber deception, non-cooperative games become a natural choice of models to capture the adversarial interactions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Tao Zhang , Linan Huang , Jeffrey Pawlick , Quanyan Zhu

Social-media platforms are one of the most prevalent communication media today. In such systems, a large amount of content is generated and available to the platform. However, not all content can be transmitted to every possible user at all…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Marcos M. Vasconcelos , Odilon Câmara

Cooperative game theory has diverse applications in contemporary artificial intelligence, including domains like interpretable machine learning, resource allocation, and collaborative decision-making. However, specifying a cooperative game…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Filip Úradník , David Sychrovský , Jakub Černý , Martin Černý

We consider an example of stochastic games with partial, asymmetric and non-classical information. We obtain relevant equilibrium policies using a new approach which allows managing the belief updates in a structured manner. Agents have…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Veeraruna Kavitha , Mayank Maheshwari , Eitan Altman

This paper focuses on finite-player incomplete information games where players may hold mutually inconsistent beliefs without a common prior. We introduce absolute continuity of beliefs, extending the classical notion of absolutely…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-12-02 Denis Kojevnikov , Kyungchul Song

Commitment devices are powerful tools that can influence and incentivise certain behaviours by linking them to rewards or punishments. These devices are particularly useful in decision-making, as they can steer individuals towards specific…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Maria Alejandra Ramirez , Yoav Kolumbus , Rosemarie Nagel , David Wolpert , Jürgen Jost