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Image Captioning is a task that combines computer vision and natural language processing, where it aims to generate descriptive legends for images. It is a two-fold process relying on accurate image understanding and correct language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Ahmed Elhagry , Karima Kadaoui

Vision-language models (VLMs) extend the conventional large language models by integrating visual data, enabling richer multimodal reasoning and significantly broadens the practical applications of AI. However, including visual inputs also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Daulet Toibazar , Kesen Wang , Sherif Mohamed , Abdulaziz Al-Badawi , Abdulrahman Alfulayt , Pedro J. Moreno

Vision systems to see and reason about the compositional nature of visual scenes are fundamental to understanding our world. The complex relations between objects and their locations, ambiguities, and variations in the real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Muhammad Awais , Muzammal Naseer , Salman Khan , Rao Muhammad Anwer , Hisham Cholakkal , Mubarak Shah , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

Large-scale pretrained language models are the major driving force behind recent improvements in performance on the Winograd Schema Challenge, a widely employed test of common sense reasoning ability. We show, however, with a new diagnostic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Mostafa Abdou , Vinit Ravishankar , Maria Barrett , Yonatan Belinkov , Desmond Elliott , Anders Søgaard

Visual captioning aims to generate textual descriptions given images or videos. Traditionally, image captioning models are trained on human annotated datasets such as Flickr30k and MS-COCO, which are limited in size and diversity. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Marimuthu Kalimuthu , Aditya Mogadala , Marius Mosbach , Dietrich Klakow

Data visualizations are powerful tools for communicating patterns in quantitative data. Yet understanding any data visualization is no small feat -- succeeding requires jointly making sense of visual, numerical, and linguistic inputs…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Arnav Verma , Kushin Mukherjee , Christopher Potts , Elisa Kreiss , Judith E. Fan

Natural language provides a widely accessible and expressive interface for robotic agents. To understand language in complex environments, agents must reason about the full range of language inputs and their correspondence to the world.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Stephanie Zhou , Alane Suhr , Yoav Artzi

A remarkable ability of human beings resides in compositional reasoning, i.e., the capacity to make "infinite use of finite means". However, current large vision-language foundation models (VLMs) fall short of such compositional abilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Junyan Li , Delin Chen , Yining Hong , Zhenfang Chen , Peihao Chen , Yikang Shen , Chuang Gan

The ability to integrate context, including perceptual and temporal cues, plays a pivotal role in grounding the meaning of a linguistic utterance. In order to measure to what extent current vision-and-language models master this ability, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Benno Krojer , Vaibhav Adlakha , Vibhav Vineet , Yash Goyal , Edoardo Ponti , Siva Reddy

We propose InternLM-XComposer, a vision-language large model that enables advanced image-text comprehension and composition. The innovative nature of our model is highlighted by three appealing properties: 1) Interleaved Text-Image…

Visual Language Models (VLMs) are powerful generative tools but often produce factually inaccurate outputs due to a lack of robust reasoning capabilities. While extensive research has been conducted on integrating external knowledge for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Shamima Hossain

Conventional phrase grounding aims to localize noun phrases mentioned in a given caption to their corresponding image regions, which has achieved great success recently. Apparently, sole noun phrase grounding is not enough for cross-modal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Panzhong Lu , Xin Zhang , Meishan Zhang , Min Zhang

This paper addresses the task of generating fluent descriptions by training on a non-uniform combination of data sources, containing both human-annotated and web-collected captions. Large-scale datasets with noisy image-text pairs, indeed,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Giuseppe Fiameni , Rita Cucchiara

Existing Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) excel at matching concepts across multi-modal inputs but struggle with compositional concepts and high-level relationships between entities. This paper introduces Progressive multi-granular…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Quang-Hung Le , Long Hoang Dang , Ngan Le , Truyen Tran , Thao Minh Le

It is highly desirable yet challenging to generate image captions that can describe novel objects which are unseen in caption-labeled training data, a capability that is evaluated in the novel object captioning challenge (nocaps). In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Xiaowei Hu , Xi Yin , Kevin Lin , Lijuan Wang , Lei Zhang , Jianfeng Gao , Zicheng Liu

Recent research has made significant progress in localizing and editing image regions based on text. However, most approaches treat these regions in isolation, relying solely on local cues without accounting for how each part contributes to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Thuy Phuong Vu , Dinh-Cuong Hoang , Minhhuy Le , Phan Xuan Tan

When building artificial intelligence systems that can reason and answer questions about visual data, we need diagnostic tests to analyze our progress and discover shortcomings. Existing benchmarks for visual question answering can help,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-12-22 Justin Johnson , Bharath Hariharan , Laurens van der Maaten , Li Fei-Fei , C. Lawrence Zitnick , Ross Girshick

Vision-language models are growing in popularity and public visibility to generate, edit, and caption images at scale; but their outputs can perpetuate and amplify societal biases learned during pre-training on uncurated image-text pairs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Brandon Smith , Miguel Farinha , Siobhan Mackenzie Hall , Hannah Rose Kirk , Aleksandar Shtedritski , Max Bain

Humans acquire language continually with much more limited access to data samples at a time, as compared to contemporary NLP systems. To study this human-like language acquisition ability, we present VisCOLL, a visually grounded language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Xisen Jin , Junyi Du , Arka Sadhu , Ram Nevatia , Xiang Ren

Problems at the intersection of vision and language are of significant importance both as challenging research questions and for the rich set of applications they enable. However, inherent structure in our world and bias in our language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-05-16 Yash Goyal , Tejas Khot , Douglas Summers-Stay , Dhruv Batra , Devi Parikh